GALPI NIHNA HUN LAI-IN A MIPIHTE IN MUSSOLINI A MAT LEH
THAHNA THU A ZAK KHITIN HITLER IN BANG THU KHENSAT HIAM?
Italy gamah Galpi Nihna hunin fascist makai Benito Mussolini’ (29 July 1883 –
28 April 1945) sihna thu 29 April 1945 sunkim lai takin Nazi makai Adolf Hitler
(20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) kizasak hi. Tua hun lai takin Germany khuapi
Berlin ah kidona “Battle of Berlin” a kici nasia mahmah hi. Mussolini’ sihna
thu Hitler a kizaksak Battle of Berlin nasiat lai takin Berlin khuapi panin
3.4km bekin a kigamla Führerbunker khua panin meter za tam lo bek kigamla-ah
Soviet galkap Red Army a kicite Berlin khuapi sim dingin hong nawk laitak uh
ahi hi.
Galpi Nihna hunin a kidote pen pawl nih hi uh a, Axis alliance a kicite
Germany, Italy leh Japan in makaih hi. A lang lamah Allied powers a kici Great
Britain, United States leh Soviet Union (tu-in Russia i cih)-te in Grand
Alliance kici phuanin fascism leh Nazism na dona ah makaih uh hi. Nazism i cih
Galpi Nihna kipat ma-in National Socialist German Workers' Party or Nazi kicite
political principles (gam vai-ah a thubullet) uh hi a, Adolf Hitler in gam leh
itna khengval (extreme or intense nationalism), mipite thuzawhna dingin kunh
(mass appeal), mi khat ahih kei leh mi tawmno bekin makaihna tawh ki-ukcipna
(dictatorial rule) thubullet in a nei totalitarian movement a paipih Nazi party
makaih hi.
Fascism i cih zong Nazism mah tawh a paizia kibang pian a, authoritarianism,
nationalism (racial nationalism ultungsak pha diak), makai kiteel cih bang om
sese loin a kiluahsuksawn leh tangpi tangta sangin a dinmun uh a sang zawte
ukcipna (hierarchy leh elitism), galkap ukna (militarism), liangko kikim ding
langpanna leh gam ukte thukham bawlte khauh takin zuih loh a kiphamawh
(anti-egalitarianism and totalitarianism), political party dang a om ding
kiphal loin Ne Win’ one-party system kizui hi. Zomi min zangin minam min
paulapin Zo/Zomi society sungah party or kipawlna khat bek tawh hong ukcip nuamte
political ideologies zong fascism leh Nazism tawh a kilamdanna om lo a, minam
dangte sih muhna leh galbawlna tawh gam leh minam itna (racial nationalism) mah
ultungsakin, dictator system mah zangin nationalism leh minam min ultungsak
ki-ukcip ding ngimna mah hi.
Hih bang political ideologies tawh tawh Galpi Khatna leh Nihna ah Nazi leh
fascist makai Hitler leh Mussolini in “racial nationalism” bulphuhin “mass
appeal” zangin mipi a khemzawh sung uh na hat mahmahin hong khangkhia uh a,
dictator minthang vangvang gam leh minam makai na suak zo ngei tei uh hi. Ahi
zongin a tangthu uh a beina leh a sih ziate uh ahi zongin a ukna uh a bei ziate
lipkhaphuai leh mangsiathuai mahmah hi. A sih khit nung nangawnun a kha
(spirit) uh kisikkik ngaungau liang leh kilawm a, a min leh a party uh a
kigensun ngongtatna, siatna leh ki-ukna hoih lo gentehna ding bekin kizang hi.
Makai leh panmun ngahna ding ahih peuh leh cih tawh a etteh Zomi makai leh
kipawlna pawl khat om hi.
A masa penna dingin July 1943 in Italian fascist makai Mussolini a ukna panin a
kizunglotkhiat (overthrown) khit nangawnin Hitler in Mussoloni na zahtak veve
lai hi. Tua hunin Hitler in thuneihna kician nei nawn loin mi dangte in a ut
bangin a thuzawh leh pei gawp zawh gam (mere puppet state) Germany na uk lai
tei sam hi. Hitler a sih ding kuanin a lawm Mussolini’ sihna thu a zak ciangin
dah veve a, lauthawn’na tawh kidim hi.
Mussolini in zawhthawh thu tawh dictatorial power zangin a ukcip den sawm
hangin a sih dong makai tutna ah thuneihna lenin na tu suak zo lo hi. 28 April
1945 in Switzerland gamah Mussoloni leh a zi Clara Petacci taimang (exile) ding
a sawm lai takun Italian partisans te’n in a zi tawh pum man khawm uh a, suang
tawh dengin, cilphihin, a suih gawp khit uh ciangin kap lumin a khete uh-ah
henin leh suk khai (bungbukhai) uh hi. (his corpse was hanged by his feet
alongside his mistress and stoned, after having been spat upon and kicked –
eventually shot). Mussolini leh a zi Clara Petacci a gam mipihte in tua bangin
a bawlzia uh Hitler in a zak ciangin tua bangin a kibawl ding ut lo ahih manin
kisihbawl ding (to commit suicide) khensat a, a luanghawm kuama’n a muh theih
lohna dingin mei tawh a kihalna dingin thu pia hi (order his corpse to be
burned).
Adolf Hitler pen mi hangsan a bat tei sam hangin maizum baih mahmah mi, a
genhak mahmah mi (very bashful man) hi a, 1936 panin ama’n aituamin a neih a
siavuan (personal doctor) dingin a sih dong a zat leh amah a kem Theodor Morell
in a cih bangbang mang nuam lo hi. Hitler in a siavuanpa Morell’ muh dingin
tanguak (naked) in a pumpi lak nuam lo ahih manin Morell in Hitler’ pumpi
damlohna – a lungtang, a tuapte, a siguite leh a taai lim takin sit kim
(complete auscultation) thei lo hi. Hitler in a nasemte a ut bang teng sem
dingin thu pia thei-in sawl thei napi-in a kisil ciang, a mukmul/khamul a meet
ciang leh a puante silhin a kizep ciangin kuamah semsak lo, kuamah kilawngsak
nuam lo sese hi.
April 28, 1945 in Italian partisan te’n Mussolini leh a zi bawlsia didekin a
thahna thu Hitler in a zak ciangin lau-in a lin’sak (shocked) vat pen 29 April
zingsang 1:00am in Hitler in kum 16 bang a lawmngaih Eva Braun a tenpih ni-in
za sese hi. Mussolini’ tuah bangbang Hitler in a it mahmah Eva Braun tawh a
tuah khak ding ut loin lauthawng pah hi. Thunei a kisak mahmah ngei hangin
April 1945 in Hitler lungmang mahmah khin zo hi.
29 April 1945 sunkim lai takin Hitler in Mussolini’ sihna thu (news) a zak
ciangin, “Galte khut sung ka tung nuam kei hi, galte in a si khinsa ahih kei
leh a hing lai-in hong mat ding uh ka ut kei hi. Ka sih khit ciangin ka
luanghawm kihal ding hi, ka luanghawm/pumpi/guh leh tang a om laite (remains)
cikmah hunin a kimuh ngei loh ding ahi hi,” ci-in a mi muan leh a suan a
nasemte tungah thu na pia hi. Mussolini’ sihna thu a zak ma-in Hitler in tua
bang ngaihsutna na nei ngei kha ding hi. Ahi zongin Mussolini’ sihna thu a zak
ciangin a tawntungin a guh a tangte ahih kei leh a luanghawm kuama’n a muh
lohna dingin mei tawh a kihaltumna dingin khensatin, thu na pia hi, ci-in a khensatna
kikipsak hi.
April 30, 1945 zingsang 3:15am pawlin lei panin 25 feet thukin bukna dinga dum
kito (25 feet underground bunker) ah Hitler in cyanide capsule gu ne-in a
pistol tawi tawh a lutang kapin kisihbawl hi. Kum 16 sung bang a lawmngaih leh
April 29, 1945 in a tenpih Eva Braun zong cyanide sihna gum ah ne-in amah tawh
Führerbunker sungah si khawm hi, ci-in kiciamteh hi. Hitler in a sih ma-in amah
huh a nasemte lakah a lubawk top aide, SS officer Otto Günsche a kicipa
kiangah, “Ka sih ciangin (Berlin khuapi leh a bukna dum sung dong a va buluh
Soviet galkapte in) ka luanghawm Moscow khuapi-ah mipi muh dingin waxworks bang
hiam khatin a bawl ding uh ka lauthawng hi,” na ci hi, ci-in Hitler 1889-1936:
Hubris leh Hitler 1936-1945 cih laibu gelh Ian Kershaw in na gelh hi.
Soviet’ Red Army galkapte a luanghawm tua bangin a bawl lohna dingun Hitler in
a top aide, SS officer Otto Günsche ((24 September 1917 – 2 October 2003)
kiangah tua bang a pian ding na dal in, ci-in thu na pia hi. A thupiakna bangin
Günsche in Hitler’ luanghawm a kihaltum theihna dingin thautui (gasoline)
kicing vaihawmsakin delh pah hi. Hitler’ bukna dum omna huan (ground-level
garden of the bunker) ah gasoline 42 litres kimu hi, ci-in historian Hugh
Trevor-Roper in gen hi.
Hitler, Eva Braun, Nazi party’ chief propagandist Joseph Goebbels’ (29 October
1897 – 1 May 1945) zi Magda leh a tate uh guk -Helga, Holde, Hilde, Heide,
Hedda leh Helmut a kithah khawmna uh “dead room” a kicihna sungah Nazi German
SS office Heinz Linge in sual tungah zanpuan (blankets) tawh Hitler’ siluang
khuh a, Hitler’ luanghawm en sese loin, “Ka ngimna pen zawh siang a, kihepkhiat
ding hi,” ci hi. Tua khit nungin Eva Braun’ luanghawm kihemkhia-in, SS
officer-te khat khit khatin domin kipiasawnin a halna ding gasoline in a ngakna
inndei tunglam ah hemkhia-in tuah to hi.
Linge leh mi dang nihte in Hitler’ luanghawm domkhia-in hal dingin lei lakah
siluang dangte tawh sial khawm uh hi. Tua hun lai takin tua kiang nai-ah Russia
galkapte thaupi artillery lotin va kha hi. Hitler’ bukna dum a cingte in Hitler
sih lam thei-in a luanghawm mu le-uh taikeek kha ding uh ahih manin thusim
(secrecy) kisam pha mahmah hi, ci-in a simtatna uh Linge in gen hi. Tua bangin
Hitler’ siluang ahih lam a bukna dum a cingte theih lohna dingin a simtat uh
hangin bunker guards mi nihin Hitler’ lutang pistol tawh kikap mulkimhuai leh a
kisia gawp na mu veve uh hi, ci-in historian Trevor-Roper in gen hi.
Siluangte halna dingin gasoline buah khum uh hi. Goebbels in meigit tang tam lo
(some matches) lakhia-in a sai kuang hangin huih hat lua ahih manin mut mitsak
hi. Hih thu hangin mi pawl khatte in thusim a kiseelcip theihna dingin khut
tawh a kilawn ziaiziau hand grenade kipuaksakin siluangte hal uh hi, ci uh hi.
A gen ziate uh a versions kibang khin lo hi.
Tua hunin bukna dinga kito dum (bunker) a omna munah Nazi’ SS officer kician
mahmah Linge va lehtai kik saisai a, lai kiphamawh documents pawl khatte mei
tawh va halin hong taipih kik hi. Tua ciangin German Nazi Party official leh
Nazi Party Chancellery ah a lutang (head) Martin Ludwig Bormann (17 June 1900 –
2 May 1945) in siluangte mei tawh bi-in kuangsakin siluangte lakah a meikuang
lawn sukin (Bormann ignited it and threw it on the corpses) hong kuang a,
vantung lamah meikhu vom kai to hi. Siluangte a kuang phat mahmah ciangin
Hitler’ zahtakna nunung pen piakna dingin Linge, Bormann, Goebbels, Günsche leh
mi dang nihte in a ziatlam khutte uh laamto-in (Nazi salute) “Heil Hitler”
salute pia uh hi.
References: Les cent derniers jours d’Hitler, Jean Lopez, 2015; History
Britanica; The Washington Post; Quora
A teisawn: Thang Khan Lian
