I BUAIPIH LEH TELSIAM ZAWH LOH NAI MAHMAH LOH UH ZOMI MIN TAWH CIAMTEHNA DELHNA VAI KIKUPNA 914 Code zangin Myanmar govt. in minam neute (ethnic groups; nation = minam) in a kiciamteh khitsa (officially recognized) lak-a kihel kha nai lo (other groups) tawh minam ciamtehna i delh hi. Hih thu tawh kisai leh milip kisimpina (census) tawh a mehmat gawp mang leh, "Milip tua zah phate bekin ethnic groups in ciamteh theihna ngah ahih manin 2008 Constitution tawh kituakin milip pha dinga kisam zah phak loh manin ciamtehna kingah lo nai lo hi" ci pawl tawh, "Milip kisam zah kipha ta napi Myanmar govt. in a pulakkhiat nai loh bek hi a, ciamtehna kingah khin hi," ci a kuku tawh ut teng leh upmawh teng social media a khahkhia niloh ten thukan lo teng, nautangte leh Constitution kan ngei lo leh thei lo teng pei lung-am gawp khin in buaisak zo mahmah hi. 1947, 1974 leh 2008 Myanmar Constitution ah ethnic groups tua zah phate bekin ciamtehna ngah thei hi cih Constitutions ka pheklek kawikawi zel hangin tua bang thu omna ka mu kei a, Zomite lakah sitni (thukhen) i neihte zong hih vai ka kikuppih ngei hi. Milip tua zah tua zah phak kisam a, tua zah pha lote in ciamtehna ngah thei lo hi ci leh kicihna om lo a, tualsuakmi (indigenous people) buang minam tawm manin ciamtehna ngah thei lohna leitung ah gam kiza ngei lo hi. Myanmar Constitution 2008 Article 161 ah Chapter IV Legislature: The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw kicihna Khenpi 4na sungah Region Hluttaw or State Hluttaw ah palai (representative) sawl thei dingin minam milip 0.1 percent a phak ding cih loh milip phak ding zah kiciangtanna om hi. Hih thu pen 914-Zomi Code tawh minam ciamtehna delhna tawh a telcian lopi-a mekmat gawp a nautang teng khemkhem leh lung-amsak ki-om kiaukiau hi. Thuman (evidence) tawh lahna dingin Zolai tawh tei sawn se loin namke milip 0.1 percent pha ten Region Hluttaw or State Hluttaw ah palai a sawl theihna ding uh hih bangin na tuang hi. Kawllai tawh sim nuam ten hih link PDF panin leh 2008 Myanmar Constitution in Myanmar ci-in Google ah zong le uh cin sim theih hi. Ka phone leh Laptop in Burmese laimal support lo ahih manin a mal kitel lo a, Mangpau in ahi bang lianin a nuai-ah sim theih hi (Hih link panin PDF in Mangpau leh Kawllai in sim theih hi. http://www.asianlii.org/mm/legis/const/2008/1.pdf #Region_Hluttaw_or_State_Hluttaw: *Formation of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw 161. The Region or State Hluttaw shall be formed with the following persons : (a) representatives of the Region or State Hluttaw, two of each are elected from each township in the Regions or the States; (b) representatives of the Region Hluttaw, each is elected from each national race determined by the authorities concerned as having a population which constitutes 0.1 percent and above of the population of the Union, of the remaining national races other than those who have already obtained the respective Region or a Self-Administered Area in that Region; (c) representatives of the State Hluttaw, each is elected from each national race determined by the authorities concerned as having a population which constitutes 0.1 percent and above of the population of the Union, of the remaining national races other than those who have already obtained respective State or a Self-Administered Area in that State; (d) representatives of the Region or State Hluttaw who are the Defence Services personnel nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services in accord with the law for an equal number of one-third of the total number of Hluttaw representatives elected under Sub-Sections (a) and (b) or (a) and (c). 58 Myanmar ah minam tuamtuam (distinct ethnic groups) kumpi ciamteh khitsa (official recognised) om a, tua lak panin "major national ethnic races" ci-in giat: Bamar, Chin, Kachin, Kayin Kayah, Mon, Rakhine leh Shan minam ten ciamtehna ngah hi. I tualsuak min Zomi in ciamtehna kingah lo ahih man leh Chin ci-in hong kiciamtehna i deih loh hangin gamdang i pai leh zinsuk zintoh ciangin i deih veve i zatzat mah ahi Chin i deih loh manin tu-in ciamtehna ngah nai lo minam min code thak tawh a kingen a kidelh hi. A sia hi hilo a, ahi ding mah zong ahi hi. I tualsuak minam mah tawh ciamtehna ngah ding pen i lunggulh leh i delh ding minam khat mawhpuakna ahi hi. Ahih hangin hih minam ciamtehna ngetna vai kikhemna dingin zat huai lo hi. Myanmar government in minam hi ci-in official recognition in hong ciamteh Chin minam sungah namke 53 tak kipha hi. Tuate hih ethnics groups ci-in hong kiciamteh namke 53 hih bangin a nambat tawh hong kiciamteh hi: 33. Chin 34. Meithei (Meitei; Kathe) 35. Saline 36. Ka-Lin-Kaw (Lushay) 37. Khumi (Khami) 38. Awa Khami (Mro-Khami) 39. Khawno 40. Kaungso 41. Kaung Saing Chin 42. Kwelshin 43. Kwangli (Sim) 44. Gunte (Lyente; Falam) 45. Gwete (Guite) 46. Ngorn (Chin, Ngawn) 47. Siyin (Sizaang), (Sizang) 48. Sentang 49. Saing Zan 50. Za-How 51. Zotung 52. Zo-Pe 53. Zo 54. Zahnyet (Zanniet) 55. Tapong 56. Tiddim (Hai-Dim) 57. Tay-Zan 58. Taishon (Tashon) 59. Thado 60. Torr (Tawr) 61. Dim 62. Dai (Yindu) 63. Naga 64. Tanghkul 65. Malin 66. Panun 67. Magun 68. Matu 69. Miram (Mara, Shendu, Lakher, etc.) 70. Mi-er 71. Mgan 72. Lushei (Lushay) 73. Laymyo 74. Lyente 75. Lawhtu 76. Lai (Haka Chin) 77. Laizao 78. Mro (Wakim) 79. Haulngo 80. Anu 81. Anun 82. Oo-Pu 83. Lhinbu 84. Asho (Plain) 85. Rongtu. *Pau kibang nei innkuan min sung (List grouped by language family) panin ei tawh kinai pen in Sino-Tibetan pau zanga ciamtehna omte pen Dim, Tiddim (Hai-Dim), Yaw, Zo, Zo-Pe Zotung leh Lai (Haka Chin) cih bang hikha dingin ka um hi. (Linguistics lamsang sinna nei lo leh Myanmar gam mi hilo ka hih manin namkete ka tel kei hi. Ahih hangin a pai zai kan leng kitel a, ciamtehna Constitution ah nulmang theih loh dingin tuang hi). Pau leh ham kibat loh manin i pau leh ham tawh kituakin codes tawh "Language ISO 639-3 codes" ci-in hong kiciamteh hi. Code number 10. Chin kicihna sunga pau zangte hih bang tengin code tawh ciamtehna kinei hi: Chin, Anu-Hkongso [anl] Chin, Asho [csh] Chin, Bawm [bgr] Chin, Bualkhaw [cbl] Chin, Chinbon [cnb] Chin, Daai [dao] Chin, Dim [ctd] Chin, Eastern Khumi [cek] Chin, Falam [cfm] Chin, Haka [cnh] Chin, Kaang [ckn] Chin, Khumi [cnk] Chin, Laitu [clj] Chin, Lautu [clt] Chin, Mara [mrh] Chin, Matu [hlt] Chin, Mizo [lus] Chin, Mro-Khami [cmr] Chin, Müün [mwq] Chin, Ngawn [cnw] Chin, Rawngtu [weu] Chin, Rungtu [rtc] Chin, Senthang [sez] Chin, Siyin [csy] Chin, Songlai [csj] Chin, Sumtu [csv] Chin, Tawr [tcp] Chin, Tedim [ctd] Chin, Thado [tcz] Chin, Thaiphum [cth] Chin, Zotung [czt] Chin, Zyphe [zyp] (Ref: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/…/List_of_ethnic_groups_in_Myanm…) Government of Myanmar (Burma) in officially recognized ethnic groups ci-in a ciamteh namke 135 lak panin Myanmar citizenship nei napi namke/minam in a ciamteh khak loh hih bangte hi: (Ethnic groups that hold Burmese citizenship but doe not recognized as ethnic group) - Rohingya Burmese Chinese Panthay Burmese Indians Burmese Gurkha Tibetan people Anglo-Burmese Burmese Pakistani Code thak tawh ciamtehna i ngah ma teng pen ciamtehna i ngah khitsa namke min deih lo ihih manin i official status uh pen Rohingya, Burmese Chinese, Panthay, Burmese Indians, Burmese Gurkha, Tibetan people, Anglo-Burmese leh Burmese Pakistani minamte status tawh kibang hi ci leng kikhial lo ding hi. 914-Zomi Code tawh namke ciamtehna i delh pen ciamtehna ngah nai lo napi ciamtehna deih a ngente dinmun "other groups or official not recognized" tawh i official status kibang cihna hi a, Hluttaw (parliament) ah bill puak kisam a, parliament ah thukimna a om ciangin ciamtehna hong kipiak ciangin Myanmar Constitution sungah officially recognised ethnic groups kicite lakah Zomi hong kihel kha pan ding hi. Democracy gam-ah democratically process leh legislative process pen i ngaklah leh nawh hat henhan man thu tawh zunthak kal sung, nap nit kal sunga piang vatvat leh kingah thei hilo a, ama pai in sumkuang tawn bangin pai hi. Parliament ah lobby siam in i nawh hat leh hong ki-awlmawh leh ciamtehna kingah pan ding hi. Online panin ciamtehna kingah khin zo hi cih tawh Constitution bupi sungah Zomi kiciamteh vat lo ding ahih manin up ding leh up loh ding, democratic process leh legislative process beek zong i kan leh hungaih zel ding picing leh pil vai hi. @Thang Khan Lian #ZUNs Photo: Zomi tawh ethnic groups kici-in ciamtehna i ngahna ding lampi makai ten sialsial ta uh a, hih i Zono ten bang vang panin a gal et bangun i ngahna dingin i gal et laitak hi. A piang lo ding hi lo a, i delh zom leh kigal muh thei ta hi. Image may contain: one or more people 275 People reached 32 Engagements

I BUAIPIH LEH TELSIAM ZAWH LOH NAI MAHMAH LOH UH ZOMI MIN TAWH CIAMTEHNA DELHNA VAI KIKUPNA

914 Code zangin Myanmar govt. in minam neute (ethnic groups; nation = minam) in a kiciamteh khitsa (officially recognized) lak-a kihel kha nai lo (other groups) tawh minam ciamtehna i delh hi. Hih thu tawh kisai leh milip kisimpina (census) tawh a mehmat gawp mang leh, "Milip tua zah phate bekin ethnic groups in ciamteh theihna ngah ahih manin 2008 Constitution tawh kituakin milip pha dinga kisam zah phak loh manin ciamtehna kingah lo nai lo hi" ci pawl tawh, "Milip kisam zah kipha ta napi Myanmar govt. in a pulakkhiat nai loh bek hi a, ciamtehna kingah khin hi," ci a kuku tawh ut teng leh upmawh teng social media a khahkhia niloh ten thukan lo teng, nautangte leh Constitution kan ngei lo leh thei lo teng pei lung-am gawp khin in buaisak zo mahmah hi.

1947, 1974 leh 2008 Myanmar Constitution ah ethnic groups tua zah phate bekin ciamtehna ngah thei hi cih Constitutions ka pheklek kawikawi zel hangin tua bang thu omna ka mu kei a, Zomite lakah sitni (thukhen) i neihte zong hih vai ka kikuppih ngei hi. Milip tua zah tua zah phak kisam a, tua zah pha lote in ciamtehna ngah thei lo hi ci leh kicihna om lo a, tualsuakmi (indigenous people) buang minam tawm manin ciamtehna ngah thei lohna leitung ah gam kiza ngei lo hi.

Myanmar Constitution 2008 Article 161 ah Chapter IV
Legislature: The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw kicihna Khenpi 4na sungah Region Hluttaw or State Hluttaw ah palai (representative) sawl thei dingin minam milip 0.1 percent a phak ding cih loh milip phak ding zah kiciangtanna om hi. Hih thu pen 914-Zomi Code tawh minam ciamtehna delhna tawh a telcian lopi-a mekmat gawp a nautang teng khemkhem leh lung-amsak ki-om kiaukiau hi.

Thuman (evidence) tawh lahna dingin Zolai tawh tei sawn se loin namke milip 0.1 percent pha ten Region Hluttaw or State Hluttaw ah palai a sawl theihna ding uh hih bangin na tuang hi. Kawllai tawh sim nuam ten hih link PDF panin leh 2008 Myanmar Constitution in Myanmar ci-in Google ah zong le uh cin sim theih hi. Ka phone leh Laptop in Burmese laimal support lo ahih manin a mal kitel lo a, Mangpau in ahi bang lianin a nuai-ah sim theih hi (Hih link panin PDF in Mangpau leh Kawllai in sim theih hi.

http://www.asianlii.org/mm/legis/const/2008/1.pdf

#Region_Hluttaw_or_State_Hluttaw:

*Formation of the Region Hluttaw or the State Hluttaw
161. The Region or State Hluttaw shall be formed with the following persons :
(a) representatives of the Region or State Hluttaw, two of each are elected from each township in the Regions or the States;
(b) representatives of the Region Hluttaw, each is elected from each national race determined by the authorities concerned as having a population which constitutes 0.1 percent and above of the population of the Union, of the remaining national races other than those who have already obtained the respective Region or a Self-Administered Area in that Region;
(c) representatives of the State Hluttaw, each is elected from each national race determined by the authorities concerned as having a population which constitutes 0.1 percent and above of the population of the Union, of the remaining national races other than those who have already obtained respective State or a Self-Administered Area in that State;
(d) representatives of the Region or State Hluttaw who are the Defence Services personnel nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services in accord with the law for an equal number of one-third of the total number of Hluttaw representatives elected under Sub-Sections (a) and (b) or (a) and (c). 58

Myanmar ah minam tuamtuam (distinct ethnic groups) kumpi ciamteh khitsa (official recognised) om a, tua lak panin "major national ethnic races" ci-in giat: Bamar, Chin, Kachin, Kayin
Kayah, Mon, Rakhine leh Shan minam ten ciamtehna ngah hi. I tualsuak min Zomi in ciamtehna kingah lo ahih man leh Chin ci-in hong kiciamtehna i deih loh hangin gamdang i pai leh zinsuk zintoh ciangin i deih veve i zatzat mah ahi Chin i deih loh manin tu-in ciamtehna ngah nai lo minam min code thak tawh a kingen a kidelh hi. A sia hi hilo a, ahi ding mah zong ahi hi. I tualsuak minam mah tawh ciamtehna ngah ding pen i lunggulh leh i delh ding minam khat mawhpuakna ahi hi. Ahih hangin hih minam ciamtehna ngetna vai kikhemna dingin zat huai lo hi.

Myanmar government in minam hi ci-in official recognition in hong ciamteh Chin minam sungah namke 53 tak kipha hi. Tuate hih ethnics groups ci-in hong kiciamteh namke 53 hih bangin a nambat tawh hong kiciamteh hi:

33. Chin
34. Meithei (Meitei; Kathe)
35. Saline
36. Ka-Lin-Kaw (Lushay)
37. Khumi (Khami)
38. Awa Khami (Mro-Khami)
39. Khawno
40. Kaungso
41. Kaung Saing Chin
42. Kwelshin
43. Kwangli (Sim)
44. Gunte (Lyente; Falam)
45. Gwete (Guite)
46. Ngorn (Chin, Ngawn)
47. Siyin (Sizaang), (Sizang)
48. Sentang
49. Saing Zan
50. Za-How
51. Zotung
52. Zo-Pe
53. Zo
54. Zahnyet (Zanniet)
55. Tapong
56. Tiddim (Hai-Dim)
57. Tay-Zan
58. Taishon (Tashon)
59. Thado
60. Torr (Tawr)
61. Dim
62. Dai (Yindu)
63. Naga
64. Tanghkul
65. Malin
66. Panun
67. Magun
68. Matu
69. Miram (Mara, Shendu, Lakher, etc.)
70. Mi-er
71. Mgan
72. Lushei (Lushay)
73. Laymyo
74. Lyente
75. Lawhtu
76. Lai (Haka Chin)
77. Laizao
78. Mro (Wakim)
79. Haulngo
80. Anu
81. Anun
82. Oo-Pu
83. Lhinbu
84. Asho (Plain)
85. Rongtu.

*Pau kibang nei innkuan min sung (List grouped by language family) panin ei tawh kinai pen in Sino-Tibetan pau zanga ciamtehna omte pen Dim, Tiddim (Hai-Dim), Yaw, Zo, Zo-Pe, Zotung leh Lai (Haka Chin) cih bang hikha dingin ka um hi. (Linguistics lamsang sinna nei lo leh Myanmar gam mi hilo ka hih manin namkete ka tel kei hi. Ahih hangin a pai zai kan leng kitel a, ciamtehna Constitution ah nulmang theih loh dingin tuang hi).

Pau leh ham kibat loh manin i pau leh ham tawh kituakin codes tawh "Language ISO 639-3 codes" ci-in hong kiciamteh hi. Code number 10. Chin kicihna sunga pau zangte hih bang tengin code tawh ciamtehna kinei hi:

Chin, Anu-Hkongso [anl]
Chin, Asho [csh]
Chin, Bawm [bgr]
Chin, Bualkhaw [cbl]
Chin, Chinbon [cnb]
Chin, Daai [dao]
Chin, Dim [ctd]
Chin, Eastern Khumi [cek]
Chin, Falam [cfm]
Chin, Haka [cnh]
Chin, Kaang [ckn]
Chin, Khumi [cnk]
Chin, Laitu [clj]
Chin, Lautu [clt]
Chin, Mara [mrh]
Chin, Matu [hlt]
Chin, Mizo [lus]
Chin, Mro-Khami [cmr]
Chin, Müün [mwq]
Chin, Ngawn [cnw]
Chin, Rawngtu [weu]
Chin, Rungtu [rtc]
Chin, Senthang [sez]
Chin, Siyin [csy]
Chin, Songlai [csj]
Chin, Sumtu [csv]
Chin, Tawr [tcp]
Chin, Tedim [ctd]
Chin, Thado [tcz]
Chin, Thaiphum [cth]
Chin, Zotung [czt]
Chin, Zyphe [zyp]

(Ref: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/…/List_of_ethnic_groups_in_Myanm…)

Government of Myanmar (Burma) in officially recognized ethnic groups ci-in a ciamteh namke 135 lak panin Myanmar citizenship nei napi namke/minam in a ciamteh khak loh hih bangte hi: (Ethnic groups that hold Burmese citizenship but doe not recognized as ethnic group) -

Rohingya
Burmese Chinese
Panthay
Burmese Indians
Burmese Gurkha
Tibetan people
Anglo-Burmese
Burmese Pakistani

Code thak tawh ciamtehna i ngah ma teng pen ciamtehna i ngah khitsa namke min deih lo ihih manin i official status uh pen Rohingya, Burmese Chinese, Panthay, Burmese Indians, Burmese Gurkha, Tibetan people, Anglo-Burmese leh Burmese Pakistani minamte status tawh kibang hi ci leng kikhial lo ding hi. 914-Zomi Code tawh namke ciamtehna i delh pen ciamtehna ngah nai lo napi ciamtehna deih a ngente dinmun "other groups or official not recognized" tawh i official status kibang cihna hi a, Hluttaw (parliament) ah bill puak kisam a, parliament ah thukimna a om ciangin ciamtehna hong kipiak ciangin Myanmar Constitution sungah officially recognised ethnic groups kicite lakah Zomi hong kihel kha pan ding hi.

Democracy gam-ah democratically process leh legislative process pen i ngaklah leh nawh hat henhan man thu tawh zunthak kal sung, nap nit kal sunga piang vatvat leh kingah thei hilo a, ama pai in sumkuang tawn bangin pai hi. Parliament ah lobby siam in i nawh hat leh hong ki-awlmawh leh ciamtehna kingah pan ding hi. Online panin ciamtehna kingah khin zo hi cih tawh Constitution bupi sungah Zomi kiciamteh vat lo ding ahih manin up ding leh up loh ding, democratic process leh legislative process beek zong i kan leh hungaih zel ding picing leh pil vai hi.

@Thang Khan Lian #ZUNs

Photo: Zomi tawh ethnic groups kici-in ciamtehna i ngahna ding lampi makai ten sialsial ta uh a, hih i Zono ten bang vang panin a gal et bangun i ngahna dingin i gal et laitak hi. A piang lo ding hi lo a, i delh zom leh kigal muh thei ta hi.

''THUAKZAWHNA CIANGTANH - BANG HANGIN A SUAKTA LEH A KIHONG SOCIETY GUM DING IHI HIAM?"

''THUAKZAWHNA CIANGTANH - BANG HANGIN A SUAKTA LEH A KIHONG SOCIETY GUM DING IHI HIAM?"

I tangthu tangthu panin i tuahna panin i sinna (historical experience) ah kipawlna, pawl sung, minam khat sung (societies) khatpeuh in thuakzawhna; saan' sak zawhna, lungduai tak-a thuak tentanna (tolerance) nei loin a pu a pate' uh ngeinate nusiatsanna leh taihsan (cultural deviation) peuhmah gawtna piate pen a ngeina uh mainawt thei loin dingcip hi cih hong lahkhia hi. Hih thu pen mi pawl khatte panin sinna (lesson) in zangin na sin uh hi.

Tua ahih manin tu hun-a tangpi tangta sunga kipawlna leh minam sung leh kipawlnate (modern societies) sungah ngaihsutna kibat loh manin ngaihsutna kilem loin kinialna leh kitotna (conflict) pen nawngkaina piangsak leh a deihhuai lo ngaihsutna hi ci-in ngaihsun in tuat nawn lo uh a, tua bang ngaihsutna kibang lote hangin khantohna;mainawtna pian theihna dingin kalsuanna (civilizational progress) dinga lei hoih bangin kingaihsun in kituat zaw ta hi. Hih pen kammal hoih leh kilawm, "ngeina kibuaina" (culture of dispute) hi kici a, tu lai hun (modern era) adingin a kisam mahmah hi - a diakin ngeina hanga buaina omnate ah kisam diak se hi. Modern societies om zia leh ahihna kilatkhiatna dingin "a dik, a etlawm leh a hoih kinialna" bek phalna pia loin thapia in gum zaw ta hi.

Ahi zongin, modern societies om zia leh ahihna kilatkhiatna dingin "a dik, a etlawm leh a hoih kinialna" bek phalna pia loin thapia in a gum zawk hangin "a dik, a etlawm leh a hoih kinialna" tawh kinialna phalna leh i thapiak lai takin uk zawh dingin thu hawmkhiatna lampi (unregulated way) om lopi-in kinial ding hilo a, i ngeina in lam hong hilhna leh lam hong lahna tawh kituakin neih ding hi a, a pilhuai buaina, kituah lohna, kinialnate (civilized conflicts) thukhum zui-a kimawlna "game rules of civilized conflict" tawh kituakin ngaihsutna kibang lote kilaisak a kinialsak ding hi.

Hih "game rules of civilized conflict" ah a pilhuai kimawlna thukhunte zui-in i kinialna thu tawh kinialna a kimawlna a thukhente kituak mah hiam ci-in lim takin kidop ding kisam a, golpi sung a huam zo tangpi tangta sunga kinialna tawh kimawlna a kihelte deihna leh kalhna bangin i thukhun zuih pen thuakzawhna; saan' sak zawhna, lungduai tak-a thuak tentanna (tolerance) in a ciangtanh a neih kisam hi. Bang hangin kinialna a kimawlna thukhun sungah thuakzawhna; saan'sak zawhna, lungduai tak-a thuak tentanna kisam sese hiam cih kitel khin hi: midangte ngaihsutna lungduai tak-a thukzawhna leh saan' sak zawhna nei lo ten midang ngaihsutna sungkhia ten amau ngaihsutna tawh kituak bangin a genkhiatte uh thuak zo loin kinialna a kimawlna thukhun nusia in taisan uh ahih manin a suakta leh ngaihsutna tangzau nei a kihong kipawlna, pawl sung, minam khat sung ngeina (open society) tawh kizui in kihel thei lo uh hi.

*Ref: Michael Schmidt-Salomon in, 'Die Grenzen der Toleranz – Warum wir die offene Gesellschaft verteidigen müssen' kici German pau in laipaih a lelh Janosch Rydzy in Mangpau tawh "'The Limits of Tolerance - Why We Must Defend the Open Society" cih thulu zangin a teikhiat Karl Popper' Fb Post panin kong teikhiat sawn ahi hi.

I tu hun society ah muhna leh ngaihsutna tuam deuh (critical ideas or views) neite pen minam leh makaite langpang ahih kei leh a gensia in kingaihsun den ahih manin a cidamhuai kinialna zong kinei thei lo a, ngaihsutna hoih sungkhiatna dingin i society kawcik lua lai hi. A pil khinsa (civilized) society leh modern society-te tawh tehkak leng ei society pen tong leh laam in kikhia lai ahih manin i ngaihsutna uh kawcikte uh kihong in a taanzau "open society" i neih theih ma leh i phal mteng pen Michael Schmidt-Salomon in historical experience a genna bangin i ngeina uh mainawt thei loin dingcip den ding hi cih lunghimawhna lianpi tawh kong hop sawn ahi hi.

Nang muhna leh saan' zia bek man sa-in tua mitdel sialkhuau let teta in a man leh a dik zaw muhna leh saan' zia langpai in open society leh cilivized society ah i society a lut ding bang tan vei na dal sawm lai hiam?

By: Thang Khan Lian @ ZUNs