ZOLAI GELHZIA
1. Khiatna khat nei kammalte gawm ding: Khiatna nei kammalte i gelh ciangin awmal (syllable) khat val a phak hangin a kop in gelh ding ahi hi. Khiatna khat nei cih ciangin Kawlkam, Mangkam khawng tawh zong kingaihsun thei hi. Genthehna in, SA cih ciangin Voksa, Aksa om hi. KHI cih ciangin ngawng-a ki-awh khi om hi. Ahih hangin SAKHI cih ciangin i gensa thute tawh a tuamtuak hi a, Sa le Khi kigawm maimai hi nawn lo hi. Ganhing Sakhi cihna hi a, khen ding hilo a, gawm ding ahi hi.
2. Kammal kibang a kithuapte gawm ding: Zo kampau ah kammal kithuap tam mahmah hi. Tua bang kammal kituap peuhpeuh gawm pahpah lel leng kikhial lo hi. Tatna zem, pianzia zemte tawh kibang cih ding ahi hi. Tatna zem pianzia zemte pen awmal khat hi loin awmal kihualte a kop-a kizang zong om hi. Gentehna in: Pai pahpah, khang toto, hoih mahmah, pai sese, pai kheukheu, tu kheukhau, tai zaza, ding zeza.
3. Pauzepna kammal (participle)-te gawm ding ahi hi: Pau zepna kammal cih ciangin Mangte in (Participle) a cihte ahi hi. Zokam ah tampi om hi. Gentehna in : Zawzen, zawsop, zawlai, tazen, mataw, khiamawk, tanghial, laidep
4. Mathuapte a zom kammalte tawh kizom ding:
Mathuap kammal ki-, pi-, te a kipan a om peuhmah a zom kammal tawh kimat ding hi. A kimat manin khiatna a kitelkhial thei dingte thekna tawh kikhen ding hi. Ki – kideih, kiho, kilukhuh, kimawl, ki-um, ki-it, ki-at, ki-en. Pi – pibawl, picing, pimuh, pingaihsut, pisuah, pi-et
Mathuap kammal ki-, pi-, te a kipan a om peuhmah a zom kammal tawh kimat ding hi. A kimat manin khiatna a kitelkhial thei dingte thekna tawh kikhen ding hi. Ki – kideih, kiho, kilukhuh, kimawl, ki-um, ki-it, ki-at, ki-en. Pi – pibawl, picing, pimuh, pingaihsut, pisuah, pi-et
5. Nungthuapte a mai kammal tawh kimat ding:
Tedim kam ah nungthuap kammal tam sim om hi. Tuate in – bawl, dan, huai, kha, khia, khial, lam, pi, pih, sa, sak, tan, vai, ahi uh hi. A dang zong om lai ding hi. Hih kammalte a kizat ciangin a mai a kammal tawh kimat ding hi. A khiatna a kitelkhial thei dingte thekna (-) tawh kikhen ding hi. Gentehna in:
bawl : cilbawl, khembawl, pawlbawl, simmawhbawl
Tedim kam ah nungthuap kammal tam sim om hi. Tuate in – bawl, dan, huai, kha, khia, khial, lam, pi, pih, sa, sak, tan, vai, ahi uh hi. A dang zong om lai ding hi. Hih kammalte a kizat ciangin a mai a kammal tawh kimat ding hi. A khiatna a kitelkhial thei dingte thekna (-) tawh kikhen ding hi. Gentehna in:
bawl : cilbawl, khembawl, pawlbawl, simmawhbawl
dan : bawldan, itdan, muhdan, omdan, zatdan
huai : dahhuai, haihuai, ithuai, pahtak-huai
kha : genkha, khialkha, lawngkha, nekha, sukha
khia : genkhia, honkhia, lakhia, mukhia, lawnkhia
khial : enkhial, mukhial, paukhial, telkhial, theikhial
lam : deihlam, gollam, hauhlam, khanlam, teklam
pi : bulpi, huihpi, innpi, lianpi, lopi, papi, tampi
pih : hopih, lungdampiH, paipih, sihpih, tonpih
sa : baihsa, neksa, luaksa, sepsa, mokhaksa
sak : damsak, deihsak, maisak, siasak
tan : kuaitan, nawktan, paltan, pektan
vai : cilvai, haivai, khantohvai, paupanvai
gai : negai, sigai, lungdamgai
siat : paisiat, lasiat, luahsiat
san : paisan, taisan, ciahsan
sat : kapsat, khensat
6. Nungthuap – mathuap kikopte gawmkhop ding: Mathuap leh nungthuap tawh a kithuah khawm kammalte kimat ding hi. A kitelkhial thei dingte thekna tawh kikhen ding hi. Thekna tawh a kikhen ciangin a kammal khiatna ngaihsun in khensiam ding kisam hi.
ki-bawl : kihaibawl, kikhembawl, kisimmawhbawl
ki-bawl : kihaibawl, kikhembawl, kisimmawhbawl
ki-dan : kideihsakdan, ki-itdan, kikepsan
ki-kha : kipalkha, kiphukha, kisatkha, kisukha
ki-kia : kihawlkhia, kikhahkhia, kilawnkhia
ki-khial : kitelkhial, kitheikhial, kizangkhial
ki-pih : kiciahpih, kinuampih, kithuahpih, kisihpih
ki-sak : kideihsak, kiphasak, kihehpih-huaisakdan
7. Kammal saute thekna tawh khen ding: Kammal thum val pha a, a sauluate nih suah in, thekna tawh kipeh thei hi. Gentehna Sakhi-tuihup, pheituam-sungten, khuasia-meide, va-singdangtu, kihehpih-huaisakna, kisimmawn-bawlna. Kammal sau mawkmawk hi lo a, Zomite’ i neih kamkop mal litethekna tawh peh ding hi.
annek-tuidawn, cimawh-genthei, gilkial-dangtak, huansak-huankhang, ankhing-tuibuk, Kawlgam-vaigam, innma-loma, innmun-logam, khualu-khuataw, nungak-tangval, pitek-putek, singkung-lopa, sungta-putu, zusa-vasa, hawhna-ciahna, thucin-thutang, cidam-mulmam, khamtheih-guihtheih.
annek-tuidawn, cimawh-genthei, gilkial-dangtak, huansak-huankhang, ankhing-tuibuk, Kawlgam-vaigam, innma-loma, innmun-logam, khualu-khuataw, nungak-tangval, pitek-putek, singkung-lopa, sungta-putu, zusa-vasa, hawhna-ciahna, thucin-thutang, cidam-mulmam, khamtheih-guihtheih.
8. ‘h’ zatzia: ‘H’ laimal pen Zolai gelhzia ah namthum/bangzah hiam in kizang hi. Tuate in: a. /Th/, /Kh/, /Ph/ munte a kizang H leh. b. Awtom-awniamsakna H cihte ahi hi. A tunga nam thum sungah a thumna thu gen nuam hi hang. Laimal tawpna laimung (final consonant) dingin /h/ i zatzia kibang kim lo hi. A nuai-a bangin zang khawm thei leng:
(1) A pingsak thu khatpeuh genna kammal (Conditional or ‘if’ clause) dingin ‘leh’ zat hamtang ding hoih hi. Gentehna in : Na ut leh ciah ta ni. Hong it lo hi leh,
(2) A piangsa thute gentelna ah ‘leh’ zat ding ahi hi. Gentehna in: Kilehkik, Zuthawl leh, lehkuan
(3) A kibang het lo nih genkhopna ah ‘leh’ zat ding ahi hi. Gentehna in: Pasian leh Mihing, Yangon leh Tedim.
(4) Khiatna khat nei a, kamkop bang a zatkhopte /leh/ hi loin /le/ tawh gawm ding a, kammal zong kimat ding hi. Gentehna in: si leh sa hi loin silesa (flesh), Nu leh pa hi loin, nulepa (Gender or sex), Mun leh mual hi loin, mun-le-mual, Khat leh khat hi loin, khat-le-khat
(5) Min i gelh ciangi a kikhen thei dingin ‘h’ zat ding hi a, a kisap kei leh zat hamtang ding hilo hi. Kammal pawl khatah hunkhat lai-in kizang a, tu-in kizang nawn lo hi. Gentehna in: Cing (kicing) leh cingh (pianuam), Vung (Tuivung) leh a dang Vungh Khai, Lang, Cin, Lam Than, ing, ung, hang cihte ah telkhial ding om lo ahih manin h kulselo hi. Lai hong khak ing (ingh) hong lamen ing (ingh).
(6) Ihmu, cih ciangin "ih" zathuai a, ahih hangin ‘ih nu ih pa’ ci nawn se loin, ‘i nu i pa’ cih ding ahi hi. Mi tampi in hi ci-in gelh khin ta a, mi tamzaw in hoihsa in kizuizui ta hi. Gentehna in : i inn-ah i lawmte tawh ihmut nuam diak hi.
(1) A pingsak thu khatpeuh genna kammal (Conditional or ‘if’ clause) dingin ‘leh’ zat hamtang ding hoih hi. Gentehna in : Na ut leh ciah ta ni. Hong it lo hi leh,
(2) A piangsa thute gentelna ah ‘leh’ zat ding ahi hi. Gentehna in: Kilehkik, Zuthawl leh, lehkuan
(3) A kibang het lo nih genkhopna ah ‘leh’ zat ding ahi hi. Gentehna in: Pasian leh Mihing, Yangon leh Tedim.
(4) Khiatna khat nei a, kamkop bang a zatkhopte /leh/ hi loin /le/ tawh gawm ding a, kammal zong kimat ding hi. Gentehna in: si leh sa hi loin silesa (flesh), Nu leh pa hi loin, nulepa (Gender or sex), Mun leh mual hi loin, mun-le-mual, Khat leh khat hi loin, khat-le-khat
(5) Min i gelh ciangi a kikhen thei dingin ‘h’ zat ding hi a, a kisap kei leh zat hamtang ding hilo hi. Kammal pawl khatah hunkhat lai-in kizang a, tu-in kizang nawn lo hi. Gentehna in: Cing (kicing) leh cingh (pianuam), Vung (Tuivung) leh a dang Vungh Khai, Lang, Cin, Lam Than, ing, ung, hang cihte ah telkhial ding om lo ahih manin h kulselo hi. Lai hong khak ing (ingh) hong lamen ing (ingh).
(6) Ihmu, cih ciangin "ih" zathuai a, ahih hangin ‘ih nu ih pa’ ci nawn se loin, ‘i nu i pa’ cih ding ahi hi. Mi tampi in hi ci-in gelh khin ta a, mi tamzaw in hoihsa in kizuizui ta hi. Gentehna in : i inn-ah i lawmte tawh ihmut nuam diak hi.
9. ‘A’ zatzia: ‘A’ pen kizatna a tam mahmah kampau khat ahi hi. “Pasian in leitung mite hong it mahmah ahih manin ama Tapa a um mi khempeuh si nawn loin a hin tawntung theih nadingun a Tapa neihsun a hong piak dongin a hong itna a hong lak hi” Johan 3:16. A kizatna a tawm pen namthum om hi. Tuate in :
a. Mintang (pronoun) dinmuna kizang a. Hih dan a kizang a peuhmah tangdin den ding hi. a lawmnu, a ballpen, a lungsim, (amah, ama, amah’n, cihte pen mintang (pronoun) vive mah ahih manin kikhen thei lo hi.
b. Kamzopna (conjunction) a dinga, hong pai-a, khituite a luang dinga, Kamzopna khempeuh tuamdin lo dinga, awpheikop (awsuaksakte) tawh a kinai leh thekna tawh kidei ding hi. Kamzopna hi a, kamvui tumtawng ahih manin, a khit ciang coma /,/ in zui denzaw hi.
c. Mangte in copula verb a cih kammal ahi hi, ahih hangin, a sia a pha, a suk a to, Hih kammal pen pawl khatte in mintang (pronoun) hi-a, tangdin' ding hi ci uh hi. A hi, na hi, ka hi; dinmun in la le'ng ahi ding bang napi, ngaihsun phapha leng hi khin lo hi. Mangte’ is Mizote’ a ni, Falam/Hakhate’ a si tawh kiang hi. Tua banah, a sia a pha, a suk a to cih kammalte ah a pen pronoun hi het lo hi. Tua ahih manin hih bang munte ah a tangdin kei leh hoihzaw hi.
a. Mintang (pronoun) dinmuna kizang a. Hih dan a kizang a peuhmah tangdin den ding hi. a lawmnu, a ballpen, a lungsim, (amah, ama, amah’n, cihte pen mintang (pronoun) vive mah ahih manin kikhen thei lo hi.
b. Kamzopna (conjunction) a dinga, hong pai-a, khituite a luang dinga, Kamzopna khempeuh tuamdin lo dinga, awpheikop (awsuaksakte) tawh a kinai leh thekna tawh kidei ding hi. Kamzopna hi a, kamvui tumtawng ahih manin, a khit ciang coma /,/ in zui denzaw hi.
c. Mangte in copula verb a cih kammal ahi hi, ahih hangin, a sia a pha, a suk a to, Hih kammal pen pawl khatte in mintang (pronoun) hi-a, tangdin' ding hi ci uh hi. A hi, na hi, ka hi; dinmun in la le'ng ahi ding bang napi, ngaihsun phapha leng hi khin lo hi. Mangte’ is Mizote’ a ni, Falam/Hakhate’ a si tawh kiang hi. Tua banah, a sia a pha, a suk a to cih kammalte ah a pen pronoun hi het lo hi. Tua ahih manin hih bang munte ah a tangdin kei leh hoihzaw hi.
10. ‘in’ zatzia: Tedim kamah in kizatna tam mahmah hi. (Inn/house) pen hun masa lai-in in ci-in kigelh a, Mizote in tu niin, tua ci gelh lai uh hi. Cope topa hun lai-a kipanin inn, tuu cihte a tuam vilvel (exeptional) in a na zat, i zuihsuak ahi hi.) Hih inn bangah, a dang a kizatnate :
a. Sawlna (imperative participle) khatin a din' ciang, kam vuicing dawn ah om ding a, tuam din' ding hi. -Hiah tu in la, pau kei in, Ka ta nu mei kiangah tu kei in.
b. Kamzopna (conjunction) khatin a din' ciang, a tunga, a tawh kibang ding hi. -Pasian in hong itin, hong honkhia hi. Hong pai ciangin, Japan gal lai-in, Khomun a lak khit ciangin, Tedim pai in.
c. A semkhiapa/ nu dinmun (subject marker) genna-in, a kizat ciangin, tuam din' dinga, coma tawh kidei lo ding hi. -Sai in keel mawlpih leh, keel in thuak zo lo ding hi. Pasian in ki-itna ahi hi. Jesu in Topa hi.
a. Sawlna (imperative participle) khatin a din' ciang, kam vuicing dawn ah om ding a, tuam din' ding hi. -Hiah tu in la, pau kei in, Ka ta nu mei kiangah tu kei in.
b. Kamzopna (conjunction) khatin a din' ciang, a tunga, a tawh kibang ding hi. -Pasian in hong itin, hong honkhia hi. Hong pai ciangin, Japan gal lai-in, Khomun a lak khit ciangin, Tedim pai in.
c. A semkhiapa/ nu dinmun (subject marker) genna-in, a kizat ciangin, tuam din' dinga, coma tawh kidei lo ding hi. -Sai in keel mawlpih leh, keel in thuak zo lo ding hi. Pasian in ki-itna ahi hi. Jesu in Topa hi.
By: Rev. Khoi Lam Thang (Linguist)
