I MINAM MIN LEH I HIHNA BANG TAN VEI BUAIBUAI NGAP LAI IHI HIAM?
I tel zawh nai mahmah mel loh hangin i minam vai i buaipih luat manin i minam sungah kitelkhialhna a piangsak thei dek zel pen namdang pau hausate bangin minam picing khin dangte bangin i paubing ah kammal kigelh khawmna laibu, kammal tampi (vocabulary) a kicing i neih zawh nai loh manin Mikangte kammal "tribe, ethnic race leh nation" a cih kammal teng kibang a sasa ki-om hi. Zosuan ten hih kammal thum kibang lote pen minam kici suk ziau a, kikhen mel loin a kibang dan in i nak zat mahmah ciat uh kammal ahi hi.
Tribe i cih pen mi hon khat tangpi tangta vai tawh kisai, pianna bulpi leh piankhiatna pu leh pi (ancestor) kibang nei leh gam leh minam vai ah a kipawlkhawmte nei mite genna hi. Minam cih dingin neu lua hi. Ethnic i cih pen mi hon khat (group of people) [piankhiatna pu leh pi kibang nei, nam kibatna bulphuh in biakna ahih kei leh ngeina kibang (of common racial, national, religious or cultural origins) genna dinga kizang kammal hi. Minam cih dingin neu lai hi. Hih "ethic" kici pen tu lianin Zomite hihna (identity) lian hi ci leng kikhial lo ding hi.
Race i cih ciangin i biology hangin mit, vun, sam leh pumpi pianzia leh sisan kibang neite genna dinga kammal kizang ahi hi. Gentehna dingin Asian (Mongoloid), African, Scandinavian, Latino cih bangte race kici a, a pian zia uh a meel leh puam uh kibang hi. Race hangin ei tawh kibang lo race dangte ei sangin tualniam zaw, amaute sangin ei thupi zaw leh tungnung zaw ci-in a vanglian zaw leh a sang zaw (superior) zaw hi ci-a ngaihsutna hangin racism hong piangkhia hi. Race leh ethnicity in amau piankhiat pu leh pa kibang a neih hangin kibat lohna tuamtuam nei napi race cih kammal i zat ciangin a kibangte genna diakin kizang a, race khat bek-a piangte genna in kizang hi. Irish, Polish, mivomte leh mikangte pen ethnic kibang ahih hangun a pau leh ham uh leh a biakna uh kibang lo a, kibat lohna tampi nei uh hi.
Nation i cih pen tuanthu tangthu kician nei mi hon kipawlna genna hi a, tangpi tangta pau kibang (common language) zang kibang, leitang leh gamgi kibang sunga teng, sum leh paai bawlna nuntakna (economic life) kibang, pu leh pi' suan kibang, leh ngaihsutna lamsang om dan (ethnicity and/or psychological make-up) kibanga ngeina kibangte minam (nation) kici hi. Hih bangte pen tangpi tangta pau leh ham leh lai (lingua franca or common language and literature) kibang neikhawmte minam kici thei pan hi. Nation kicite pen independent government nuai-a om community khatin a omkhawm in, leitang kician sung (define territory) sunga tengkhawm in, sovereign political state nei-in political om taktakna, hihna taktak (entity) neite nation kici pan bek hi. Nation state tawh a kibangin genna dingin i zat ciangin a term dingin "nation-state" kici kinak zat mahmah hi. Gentehna dingin US ah ethnic tampi om a, Soviet Union gam a kitapkhap ma-in ethnic groups 100 val na om hi.
Ei pawl bel minam (nation) kici nuam in minam khat a kiciamteh ding kilunggulh napi i ngah zawh nai loh banah tangpi tangta pau leh lai kibang neih ding i hanciam nak sangin minam movement hat ding deih luat man peuh in mi' up theih ding kam uang zanga thugenna (rhetorical speech) zang laite ihi hi. I minam makaite nangawn in amau paubing leh namke bek ultungsak nuam lai-in huai tuam vanvan lai uh a, i 'nationalism feeling' a hat theihna dingin Zomi nak gen mahmah napi un a mite khual meel loin a min bek a buaipih i tam manin tu dong minam kician khat a dingkhawm taktak thei lo leh minam min a ciamtehna nei leh ngah zo nai lo ihi hi.
A deih lo-a i namke literature ciat bek mah uh ultungsak a kitam luat man leh eima paubing ciat in LST leh labu i neih manin zong nampi khat a kigawmkhawm ding thanemsak in kipumkhatna kip i neih theihna ding hong dal den hi. Eima paubing ciat in LST leh labu i neih ciangin i minam nampi khat lungsim leh kipumkhatna a dausakna thu Rev. Khup Za Go in a master degree ngahna research laibu ah na suut hi.
Tua bek hi loin minam kician nampi khatin i kigawmkhawm theihna dingin hong dalte leh thanemsak mahmahte lak-a lian pen khat in i paubing leh namke ciat tawh pawlpi phuankhia in, tua bek hun sa loin i doctrine zuih leh i theology saan dan kibang napi pawl dang a phuankhiat behbeh manun "communal feeling'' a thahatsak semsem i biakna makaite leh siate hang zong ahi hi. Hih bang gamtatna kilawm lo leh Khistian ngeina tawh kituak lote i khawlsan mateng minam khatin i kipumkhatna ding hong thanemsak beh semsem zaw lai ding hi cih i phawk hun ta hi.
Tangpi tangta pau leh lai kibang nei nai lo, suahtakna gam leh gamke (state) kician sinsen nangawn nei nai lo leh gamgi kibang sunga tengkhawm mihonte kihi nai lo ahih manin minam (nation) i kicih nuam pong hangin a terminology mahmah adingin kicing zo nai lo (disqualified) bang lai hi. I gam leh minam makai ten political movement hat theina dingin rhetoric zangin Zomi minam leh Zogam leh minam min i zatzat uh hi zaw bang lai hi. I hihna (identity) diktak pen i teenna India leh Myanmar government in hong tel lua a, tua banah i national movement hat leh national security nawngkai thei ding hi cih tel lua uh ahih manin tribe recognition, vernacular language (MIL) recognition leh AIR ah radio program hun piak tawh India ah kilungkim mahmah lel hi. Ahih hangin i minam minpi min 'Zomi' deih a kipawlna sungah India gam-a namke kua ki-om veve ta hi.
Myanmar gam leuleu ah Myanmar government in Constitution ah 'ethnic groups' ci-in 'officially recognized' ci-in a ciamtehna sungah minam tuamtuam 135 om hi. Tua lak panin Chin ethnic groups sungah minam tuamtuam 53 hong ciamtehna sunga 39. Khawno, 45. Gwete (Guite), Siyin (Sizaang), (Sizang), 53. Zo, 56. Tiddim , 59. Thado, 72. Lushei (Lushay), 76. Lai (Haka Chin) cihte lakah i kihel hangin hih ethnic group ci-in hong kiciamtehna a deih lo-a pum zakdah leh i ethnic groups mipih dang teng pum muhdah honpi khat ki-om leuleu hi. Mon minamte ethnic group khat bekin 95. Mon ci-in na ciamtehna na nei uh ahih manun na buaibuai se lo pah uh hi.
Myanmar constitution ah i pau leh ham dungzui-in "Language ISO 639-3 codes" kici sunga Chin ethnic group sungah pau 32 om hi ci-in a ciamtehna lak panin i kihel kha a, i code number tawh Chin, Tedim [ctd], Chin Thado [tcz] ci-in hong ciamtehna lah i deih kei leuleu zel uh hi. Pau leh ham innkuan kibang (List grouped by language family) ci-in hong ciamtehna ah Sino-Tibetan langguage family nuai-ah Tiddim (Hai-Dim) leh Zo cih kihel kha napi Zomi deih a awngawng teng mah in i piankhiat pu hi ci-in i saan' theih Zo min tawh i pau hong kiciamtehna "Zo" cih lah i deih kei leuleu uh hi. Minam nawngkaihuaipi khat ihihna kitel hi.
Hih bang thuman pen zadah pong in, i za nuam in i za nuam kei zong in i political dinmun diktak (reality) hi lai hi. I lunggulh minam kician khat leh gam leh leitang kician khat i ngah theihna dingin tangpi tangta paupi khat, laipi khat leh ngeina kibang leh kician khat i neih theih ma bel thagum leh thatang leh aana (coercion) zangin i hanciam keeikai pong hangin minam kipumkhatna piang zo taktak ngei lo ding hi cih kitel sinsen hi. Tua ahih manin khantohna piangsak ding lah ahi beek lo i kibat lohnate nak gen luat i khawlsan a, i paubing leh namke ciat uh leh i beh i phung uh i ultungsak luatnate i tawpsan meng ding uh kisam a, khaici i tuh behbeh nawn loh ding a kisam banah i lungsim kawcik paikhia meng zaw leng i minam cidamna dinga hoih pen hi zaw ding hi.
I pu i pa hun a kipanin dawi leh kaute hawlkhiatna dingin a zat uh (khuazing dona) "Khua Do Pawi" i cih tu dong i zang lai uh hi. I ethnic group kibatpih ten hong zatpih uh ciang leh Zomi sunga pawl khat ten i mipih dangte zangkhawm in, a pawi min a gelh dan uh i muh ciangin a pum zakdah lungsim kawcik nei hon khat mah in social media ah thu hoih lo leh kilawm lo i khahkhia ngeingai leuleu lai uh hi. Minam dang ten i Khua Do hong zatpih uh angtanghuai sa zaw loin i zakdah pen minam picing ihih lohna leh lungsim kawcik i neih luat lai man hi cih Halloween pawi zat dan et pak leng kitel sinsen hi.
Leitung gam tuamtuam ah a kizang kawikawi Halloween pawi pen a si khinsa mi siangthote (saints), martyr a site leh upna cingtak nei-a si khinsate phawkna dingin October kha bei kuan panin November 5 dong kizang hi. Hih pawi pen Irish (Celtic) ten a zat masak uh hi a, Mexico leh Latin American gam tuamtuamte (Día de los Muertos) ah "Day of the Dead" ci-in a phamsa a it a ngaih uh leh a piankhiatna uh a pu a pa uh phawkna dingin na zang uh a, Ireland, Canada leh United States gam cihte picingte leh naupang ten Halloween holiday ci-in zang ngeingai napi un, "Minam dang ten hong zahsak uh hi.. hih bang pawi minam dang ten nei ngei loin zang thei lo ding uh hi... ei gelh bangin a pawi min gelh dan uh kibang lo uh hi," ci-in a zadah leh thangpai "virus" kuamah na om se lo uh ahih manun minam picing ahihna uh kilangkhia hi.
Mexico, Latin America leh Spain gamte ah Halloween pawi pen "All Souls’ Day" ci-in Nov. 1 ni-in na zang uh a, a pawi pen Oct. 31 panin na pan uh hi. A phamsa amau piankhiatna pu leh pite (ancestors) Halloween ah a pai ni uh hi ci-in upna tawh muamkhuam (candy), paakte, maante (photographs) tawh a etlawm theithei dingin zeem in, a phamsate nek leh dawn duh leh ngaihte ne in dawm in gualnuam uh a, annekkhawmna a neih ma-un kisilna kuangpi (wash basin) leh kinulna (towel) amau piankhiatna pi leh pue' kisilna dingin nusiat uh a, khuameivak leh paaknamtuite hal uh a, Nov. 2 ni-in tequila leh mariachi brand zute ne in dawn in hun nuam zang khawm uh hi.
England gam bup ah bel November 5 ni-in Halloween pawi bawlna dingin tanglai a Celtic ten "Samhain" pawi a zat dan pian un "Guy Fawkes Day" ci-in meite hal uh hi. Martin Luther’ Protestant Reformation England gam ah a kizel khit nungin Luther' Protestant biakna um a zui ten mi siangtho (saint) cih um lo uh ahih manun English a tam zaw ten Halloween pawi zat na khawlsan uh a, All Saints’ Day tun ma (eve) in hih bang pawi zat kisam lo hi ch ngaihsutna nei uh hi. Ahih hangin tuuk leh phalbi kikal a khuahun (autumn season) in biakna pawi dang English kumpi langpang leh gam lehheekpa (traitor) Guy Fawkes kithah ni phawkna dingin "Guy Fawkes Day" pawi hong kiphuankhia kik hi.
November 5, 1606 in England parliament building bomb tawh puakkhapsak sawm hi ci-in Guy Fawkes kimawhpaih in kithat hi. Fawkes pen Catholic group member hi a, Protestant kumpi King James a thuneihna panin paihkhiat ding a deih mi ahi hi. Guy Fawkes Day pen Fawkes a kithah khit khit phetin kizang pah a, a cil in meihalna (bone fires) tawh Catholic pope' guhte a lim in lahna dinga a kibawltawm (effigies) kihal hi. Kum zalom nih khit nungin Catholic pope' guh milim a kibawl mei tawh halna in pawi kizang pen Gaw Fakes' guhte lahna dingin milim bangin lim kibawl in na hal uh a, a pawi zat dan kilaih hi. Milim kibawlte a kihal banah England gam sung mun pawl khat ah naupang ten milim a kibawl ahih kei leh mi (guy) peuh tawi in sum ngen in vak uh a, a sum ngahte uh amau adingin kem uh hi. Hih danin English naupangte' pawi zat dan pen American ten Halloween pawi ciangin “trick-or-treating” kici a zat dan uh tawh kinaih mahmah hi. Guy Fawkes Day pen a masa penna dingin Plymouth settlement ah mun siangtho ah Pasian bia dinga hawh mi (pilgrims) ten na zang masa uh hi. Guy Fawkes Day kiciil zat semsem ah tu-in kizang nawn lo hi.
Halloween kipatkhiatna Ireland gam ah Celtic ten naupang ten puan tumdangpi silh in “trick-or-treating” kimawl uh a, parties a neihna uh-ah “snap-apple" kici kimawl uh a, a nu leh pate un van manpha zonna (treasure hunt) peuh kimawksak uh a, a van manpha ngahte dingun candy leh pastries khawng peuh pia uh hi. Irish ten hih pawi hun ciang phekap kimawlna (card game) kimawl uh a, naupang ten sumtang ahih kei leh candy nuai-a phe kiseel zon'na nei uh a, a phe a mu pen in letsong ngah uh hi. Irish minamte patkhiat Halloween pawi leitung gam tuamtuam ah kizeel in, a pawi min leh zat dan a kibat loh hangin, "Ko pawi bek hi, na zat dan uh man lo hi.. na zang thei kei ding uh hi," ci-in a phun leh ciak kuamah om lo hi. I Khua Do Pawi zong Zosuan namke tengin i ut bang ciat leh a kha i ut ni ciat in suakta takin zang in, leitung bup a kizelh zawh ciangin minam picing ihihna hong kilangkhia ziau lel zaw ding hi.
Pawl khat ten Khua Do pen Zomite pawi bek hi a, Zomite ngeina hi ci laulau se uh hi. Khuazing dona leh dawi leh kaute hawlkhiat hun pen i ngeina i cih tuam se leh leitung ah ei gam bek leh i minam omna teng bek ah dawi leh kau omte (i omna teng ah i kikholhpih leh i keng kawikawi) hawlkhiat tawh leitung bei dong ei bek kibuai den ding cihna hi. Mi khat in Sia Go Khen kiang ah “Sia aw, no Pastor pawl khatte bel kamtuam lah pau thei lo, dawi lah hawlkhia thei lo na hih uh teh Kha Siangtho nei lo hi mawk lo ding na uh hiam?,” ci hi. Sia Go Khen in “Ko ka muhtheih uh vok leh akte bek hawlkhia thei mah ung... dawl leh kau bel mu thei loin, a kampau uh zong thei lo ka hih manun hawlkhia thei kei mah ung. No a kimu thei lo hawlkhia thei in, a phazah nangawn thei zen na hih uh leh amau nam tawh a kibang (dawi nam) mah hi mawk lo ding na hi uh hiam?,” na cihsan ziau hi. Tua bang hongin hong kicihsan ding zong kidophuai hi.
Minam picing i suahnop leh i ngaihsutna leh i muhnate uh zong i taanzausak masak ding uh kisam masa hi. I minam min leh pawite pen i kitot i kiseelna ding leh namdangte phinna leh muhdahna dingin i zat ding hilo a, i kipumkhatna leh i ki-itna semsemna pawi ahih theihna dingin i zat ding kisam a, leitung bup dong i kizelhsak zawh ciangin minam kician i suak thei pan ding hi. Laipi khat, paupi khat, ngeina khat i neihkhawm mateng minam (nation) ci-in ciamtehna i ngah zongin minam kician taktak (a term tawh kituakin) i suak zo ngei kei ding hi.
I muhna leh ngaihsutna kawciksak loin i taanzausak ciang bekin i tatna leh i thawlna gam zong hong zai thei pan bek ding hi. I minam pen midangte nawknawkna ding, midangte suksukna ding leh nam dangte muhdahna ding leh langpan'na dingin i zat lai teng i minam hihna kip leh kho zo ngei lo ding a, buaipih dinga kisam lo teng tawh i buai khop den zaw ding hi. I minam min leh i hihna pen i sih mang khit mateng, i pau, i lai leh i ngeinate i zat lai teng a mangthang ding hilo ahih manin buaipih leh haipih luat ding hi loin i zuun ding hi zaw a, i manam khantohna ding, kipumkhatna ding leh kihualna ding ding i buaipih hun hi zaw ta hi.
By: Thang Khan Lian
