STINGER MISSILE US LEH INDIA IN BAWL KHAWM SAWM

STINGER MISSILE US LEH INDIA IN BAWL KHAWM SAWM

Feb. 18, 2017: US gam-a Massachusetts pansan $24 billion defence technology and research company Raytheon Company in India gam-a Tata Sons company Tata Advanced Systems Limited (TASL) tawh Stinger air defence missile vante bawl khawmna dingin memorandum of understanding (MoU) thukimna suaikai ta uh hi.

“Hih MoU thukimna pen Tata Advanced Systems tawh ko company kipawl khawmna hoihsak semna ding leh leh leitunga technology lamsang India tawh nakpi takin makaih ding ngimna leh US leh a pawlte (coalition) galkap ten a nasepna (missions) uh a ngah theihna ding uh ngimna ahi hi," ci-in Raytheon Land Warfare Systems vice president Duane Gooden in ci hi.

Hih bang MoU thukimna hangin TASL in Stinger vante (components) India ah bawl thei ta dingun ki-ummawh hi. Stinger missile pen lei panin lei, leh huih lak panin huih lak (surface-to-air and air-to-air) ngimna dingin van lai-a a ngimnate (airborne targets) kapna dingin kizang thei hi. Raytheon in TASL pen defense lamsang bawlna ah leitung ah makai (global leaders) leh vanleng bawlna lamah a madawk pawl ahih manin hih bangin thukimna a neihpih ahi hi. "Stinger missile pen India zat dingin a pia khia (contributor) masa pen hih ding kilamen hi," ci-in TASL chief executive director Sukaran Singh in ci a, TASL in missile system bawl theihna dingin kizopna kibawl sawm lai hi ci-in gen hi. 2016 in India pen Stinger missile leite lak panin gam thumte lakah kihel hi. India in Stinger missiles pen AH-64 Apache helicopters ah thuah ta ding hi.

Stinger missile pen aw sangin a manglang zaw (supersonic speed) hi a, helicopters, UAVs (tuithe vanlengte), cruise missiles leh fixed-wing vanleng (aircraft) kapna dingin kizang thei a, a ngimna mun khak ding baihlam in accurate guidance, control system leh sih theihna ding galvan (lethal warhead) nam ahi hi.

TASL in vanleng bawlna ding nakpi takin hanciam a, tua dingin leitunga vanleng bawl company tuamtuam Boeing, Airbus Group, Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation, Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, Pilatus Aircraft Ltd, Cobham Mission Equipment, RUAG Aviation leh India’s Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) tawh kipawlna ding nakpi takin a hanciam laitak ahi hi.

STINGER MISSILE THU TOMKIM
Type: Man-portable surface-to-air missile
Place of origin: United States
Service history: In service 1981–present
A kizatna munte: Wars Falklands War, Soviet–Afghan War, Angolan Civil War, Kargil War, Yugoslav Wars, Invasion of Grenada, Syrian Civil War.
Production history:
Designer: General Dynamics
Designed: 1967
Manufacturer: Raytheon Missile Systems
Unit cost: U.S.$38,000
Produced: 1978—present
Variants: FIM-92A, FIM-92B, FIM-92C, FIM-92D, FIM-92G
Specifications (FIM-92 Stinger)
Weight: 33.5 lb , 15.19 kg
Length: 59.8 in (1.52 m)
Diameter: 2.76 in (70.1mm)
Crew: 1
Effective firing range: 5.0 miles (8 km) (FIM-92C Stinger-RMP)
Warhead: High explosive Annular blast fragmentation
Warhead weight: 3 kg (6.6 lb)
Engine: Solid-fuel rocket motor
Guidance system: Infrared homing
Launch platform: MANPADS, M6 Linebacker, Eurocopter Tiger, AN/TWQ-1 Avenger, MQ-1 Predator, AH-64 Apache, T-129 ATAK

Source: The Hindu and Wikipedia

INDIA LEH RUSSIA IN SUKHOI-30MKI PUAHPHAT KHAWM SAWM

INDIA LEH RUSSIA IN SUKHOI-30MKI PUAHPHAT KHAWM SAWM

Feb. 15, 2017: Russiate' Federal Service for Military-Technical Cooperation (FSMTC) Deputy Director Vladimir Drozhzhov in tu ni-in Russia leh India in Russia in a bawl Sukhoi Su-30MKI multirole fighter modernization nadingin contract kibawl sawm a, tua dingin lai poimawhte (documents) kibawl ding kithawi (preparing) hi ci-in pulak hi. Su-30MKI multirole fighter pen tu lai vanleng suakthakte tawh kibanga puah thakna dingin contract document bawl kithawi ta a, hih bang nasep khawmna ah na hoih takin kisem khawm thei hi ci-in gen beh hi.

Hih bangin contact kizo in kipawl khawmna kinei thei leh India in a ngetna bangun fighter jets 400 kipia khia dinga, a kipiak khiatna ding a kipulak ma-in zong Russia in a man zah ding a geelna India tungah kipia khin zo hi ci-in Federal Service for Military-Technical Cooperation (FSMTC) Deputy Director Vladimir Drozhzhov in 11th Aero India air show ah news reporterte kiangah gen hi. Russia in India tungah MiG leh Sukhoi project aircraft ding kipia ding hi ci-in gen beh hi.

Russia in tu kum sungin India tungah S-400 air defense systems piak khiat sawm a, Su-30MKI multirole fighter modernization contact suai kaihna a kineih khit ciangin S-400 air defense system piak khiat hun ding pulak ding hi ci-in Vladimir Drozhzhov in ci a, 2017 ma-in kipia khia dingin ka um hi ci hi.

Su-30 MKI multirole fighter pen Russia phalna tawh India ah Hindustan Aeronautics Limited ten na bawl uh a, July 1, 1997 in leng khiasak masa pen in, Indian Air Force ten Sept. 27, 2002 panin na zang uh hi. Tu-in hih vanleng pen a hoihzaw sem dingin Russia leh India in a puahphat kik sawm uh hi a, Su-30MKI pen Su-30 panin a kipuahpha ahi hi. Su-30 MKI pen N011M digital multi-mode dual frequency band radar tawh kithuah a, N011M pen air-to-air and air-to-land/sea mode ah kizang thei a, high-precision laser-inertial or GPS navigation system tawh kithuah hi. Tua loin . modern digital weapons control system leh anti-jamming features tawh kithuah hi. N011M in 400 km search range leh maximum 200 km tracking range nei (rear hemisphere ah a range 60 km) hi. A radar in huih lakah ngimna mun 15 man/nei thei (air target track) a, khat vei thu in mun li kap thei hi. A kap theihte lakah cruise missiles leh motionless helicopters kihel hi. Su-30MKI in mini-AWACS a neih manin vanleng dangte adingin director or command post dingin kizang thei a, khat vei thu-in vanleng dang li kap thei a, a radar in lei a om galvan tank cihte 40–50 km gamla panin kapsak thei hi. A hatna pen a ground level ah supersonic speed match 2 (about 2450 km/h at ground-level) hi a, second khat sungin huih lakah tai (miles) 230 a sang leng to zo hi. Su-30MKI vanleng khempeuh a radar kizang pen a hoihzaw Bars radar tawh kilaih pah ta ding hi.

Indian Air Force Su-30MKI thu tomkim:
Role: Multirole Air superiority fighter
National origin: Russia / India
Design group: Sukhoi Design Bureau
Built by: Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (under licence)
First flight: IAF Su-30МК: 1 July 1997
Su-30MKI: 2000
Introduction: 27 September 2002
Status: In service
Primary user: Indian Air Force
Produced: Su-30MKI: 2000–present
Number built: 230 as of February 2017
Unit cost: ₹358 crore (US$53 million) in 2014[2]
Developed from: Sukhoi Su-30
Variants: Sukhoi Su-30MKM

Source: Sputnik and Wikipedia

Photo 1&2: Su-30MKI
Photo 3&4: S-400 Air Defense System

NORTH KOREA GAM UK KIM JONG-uN' SANGGAM LANG KITHAT

NORTH KOREA GAM UK KIM JONG-uN' SANGGAM LANG KITHAT

Feb. 15, 2017: North Korea leikhamang Kim Jong-un' sanggam lang (half-brother) Kim Jong-nam kici pen North Korea ten a thah sawm den uh leh Kim Jong-un tawh a kituak mel loh (estranged) manin China humbitna nuai a-om ahi hi. Kim Jong-nam a bukna leh a ten'na China gam-a Macau khua zuan dingin a kithawi lai-in Kuala Lumpur airport ah kithat hi ci-in South Koreate' spy agency in tu ni-in pulak a, North Korean agents dinga upmawh numei nih in a thah uh hi ci hi. Kim Jong-nam that dinga upmawh numei nihte taxi in taimang uh a, Malaysia police ten nasia takin zong lai uh hi. Malay ulian ten Kawlgam numei khat a taimang thei lo dingin man (detained) uh a, thusitna neih dingin kem uh hi ci-in Malaysian state news agency Bernama in suaksak hi. Malay police ten hih kithahna thu kanna dingin surveillance tapes lim takin en lai uh hi.

Kim Jong-nam' luang tu ni-in autopsy (post-mortem) kibawl ding hi ci-in police ten ci uh hi. A kithat mah hi cih a kimuh khiat leh North Korea kumpi kingawh dinga, Kim Jong-un' ukna pen mihingte tunga ngongtat kumpi ci-in kiciamteh ding hi ci-in South Korean Prime Minister leh acting President zong a len khawm Hwang Kyo-ahn in security council meeting a neihna uh-ah ci hi. Al Jazeera reporter Harry Fawcett in S.Korea khuapi Seoul panin a genna ah N. Korean National Intelligence Service ten Kim Jong-nam pen 2012 pekin a thah sawm uh hi ta a, Kim Jong-un in a innkuanpih teng a thah siangna dingin na hanciam den hi ci hi.

Kim Jong-nam pen Macau ah leng dingin kithawi-in Kuala Lumpur aiport immigration ah a lai poimawhte a etsak ma-in Pizing (Monday) ni-in shopping course kiim-ah a om lai takin "Chemical spray" tawh kikap a, tua khitin zato ah kipuak hi. Zato ah a kipuak a, a sih ma-in chemical spay zangin hong kikap hi ci-in zato inn nasemte kiangah hilh hi. Kim Jong-nam pen kum 46 mi ahi hi ci-in senior government ulian khat (hih thu pen diplomacy vai-ah thu buaihuaipi ahih manin a min gen ngam lo hi) in ci hi.

Kim Jong-nam pen Macau, Singapore leh Malaysia gamte ah teng kawikawi ahi hi. 2001 in Tokyo Disneyland ka hawh nuam ci-in Japan lut dingin a kithawi lai-in kiman a, tua khit nung N.Korea ulian ten gam lehpei dingin ummawh den hi. A khuazinna dingin a lai poimawhte (travel document) ah zong Pyongyang khuapi ah June 10, 1970 a piang Kim Choi ci-in a min tuangsak hi. Malaysian police ten statement a bawlna uh-ah kum 46 mi North Korean pasal a khualzinna lai poimawhte ah Kim Chol kici Pyongyang khuapi ah June 10, 1970 in a piang si a, a kithahna a kitel theihna dingin post-mortem examination neih ding kingen a, post-mortem kineih sawm hi ci-in pulak hi.

Kim Jong-un leh Kim Jong-nam pen unau ahih hangun a nu uh a kibang lo hi a, zing ciangin a pa uh, kumpi lui Kim Jong-il sihni phawkna in gambup khawlni nei ding uh a, "Day of the Shining Star" kici ding hi. Hih hunah skating (khedap tai thei zanga taina), tuipeek lahna (exhibition) leh kep (fireworks) lahna kinei dinga, mipi in rally neihna nei ding uh hi. Kim Jong-il a sih in Kim Jong-nam gup ten a pa zalaih dingin guan' sawm uh hi. 2011 in Kim Jong-un in a pa' zalaih a, tua khit nungin kumpi ulian tampi that ta a, 2013 in zong N. Korea gam adingin a thunei pen nihna a paneu (uncle) Kim Jang Song-thaek vanleng kapna thau (anti-aircraft) tawh kaplum sak hi. Kim Jong-nam pen politics lam ah lunglut loin lametna lian a neih loh hangin N. Korea kumpi vaihawmna zia leh a sanggampa' za letna zia na deih lo hi.

Source: Al Jazeera and news agencies

INDIA IN RUSSIA RECORD BREAK NADINGIN KHAT VEI THU-IN SATELLITE 104 LAWN TO TA

INDIA IN RUSSIA RECORD BREAK NADINGIN KHAT VEI THU-IN SATELLITE 104 LAWN TO TA

Feb. 15, 2017: India's Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in Russia in khatvei thu-in satellite tam pen June 2014 in 39 a lot toh (launched) ciamtehna suksiatna dingin Andhra Pradesh state sunga om Sriharikota khua-a Satish Dhawan Centre panin rocket khat bek zangin khatvei lot in satellite 104 lawn to a, a tun'na ding orbit (ni, kha, aksite omna) tung tek uh hi ci-in ISRO director Kiran Kumar in Satish Dhawan Space Centre a scientists omte kiangah pulak hi. Satellite 104 kilawn tote pen Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket zangin tu ni-in kilawm to hi.

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in hih satellite 104te lawhcing takin a tun'na ding uh uh orbit tung hi cih a theih phet in a ISRO scientist-te a lungdampihna thu a Twitter ah tuangsak hi. PSLV rocket pen tu zingsang 9:28am (03:58 GMT) in kilawn a, 27,000km per hour a hat in leng a, a tun'na/omna/kikoihna mun ding orbit kicihna minute 30 sungin tung hi ci-in ISRO in pulak hi. PSLV in a satellite puak (cargo) pen leitung lim tak-a etna ding, kanna ding "earth observation satellite" khat 714kg in gik a, adangte satellites neu "nano satellites" kici 103te pen a gikna 664kg ahi hi. Nano satellites kicite pen a vek phialin gamdangte - Israel, Kazakhstan, The Netherlands, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates leh USte satellites hi a, USte nano satellites bek 96 tak ahi hi.

Sumbawl lam-a kizang (commercial) satellites pen space ah lot toh ding pen business khat suak ta a, phone, Internet zatna leh company tuamtuam hong khan' manin gam tuamtuam in space ah satellites koih ding nasia takin kidem uh a, commercial satellites pen high-tech communications zatna nasia takin khan'sakna ding ngimna leh deihna ahi hi. India in space programme panin satellite a lot khiat man pen sum tawm bei ahih manin gamdang ten satellites lotna dingin Indian space programme mah delh uh hi.

Nung kum June kha-in zong India in satellite 20 na lawn to a, 20 lakah USte' satellite 13 kihel hi. India in 2013 in zong Mars sungah kuamah hawl loh (unmanned) rocket $473 million bek bei in na lawn to ziau uh hi. USte' NASA ten Maven Mars mission kici adingin rocket November 18, 2013 in na lawn to uh a, $671 million tak beisak uh hi.

ISRO ten Jupiter leh Venus ah zong rocket lot ding mission nei in nasia takin hanciam uh hi. 2014 in zong India in space technology budget Hollywood film "Gravity" sanga tawm bei zaw tawh orbit ah gamdangte satellite li kap toh sak hi. 22 October 2008 in zong ISRO ten Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh panin khapi sunga satellite (lunar satellite) Chandrayan I na koih a, $3.86 billion (US$57 million) bei hi.

#Behlapna: Kawlgam in zong amasa pen dingin kum nga khit teh satellite kinei a, private industry zangin kilawn ding hi ci-in Ministry of Communications and Information Technology Myanmar a Deputy Minister H.E. U Thaung Tin in November 2014 in na gen hi ci-in Myanmar Times leh Satellite Today in suaksak hi. India in 1975 panin American, Russian leh European rockets zangin satellite na lawn ta a, gamdangte lotsak leh amau lot toh teng gawmin 15 Febraury 2017 in satellite 91 nei ta hi.

Source: News agencies, Wikipedia, Myanmar Times leh Satellite

VALENTINE'S DAY TANGTHU TOMKIM

VALENTINE'S DAY TANGTHU TOMKIM

Valentine's Day pen khanglui dan leh ngeina (old tradition) hi a, Romante' pawi (festival) Lupercalia kici pen hi, ci-in History.com. ah kiciamteh hi. Romante pawi Lupercalia kici pen February 15 in lei hoihna dinga pawi "fertility festival" a kici lo khohna lam lamsangah Romante' Pasian Faunus (Roman god of agriculture) kici a biakna ni pawi in na zang uh hi. Hih pawi a kizat ciangin pasalte'n singkuang/bawm (box) sung khat panin a lawm (partner) ding uh numeite min ki-at in a kikoihte khat tek va dokin, a lawm dingun a dawh khakte uh tawh kitual vik/luk ngeingai uh hi, kici hi.

Tua bangin box sung panin numei min a dok khak penpen uh kipolhpihin, a tam zawte in a numeite kiten'pih uh hi. Hih bang pawi pen Christian thu-upna hong kipat cil dong na kizang toto a, pawi siangtho lo, Christian vai hilo hi, ci-in kum zalom AD 5 in Pope Gelasius in na phiat a, February 14 pen St. Valentine's Day ci-in zat dingin a pulak mah bangin tu dong a kizang toto hong suak hi.

The Canterbury tangthu leh la (poet) gelhsiam Mikangte' Medieval English Poet Chaucer kicipa pen Valentine's Day kizatna hong piangkhiasak taktakpa hi, a ci zong om hi. Tangthu leh tuanthu (history) suakta takin pawl khat na gelh a, a la gelhte ah a mi' min leh mi zatte (poetic characters) pen tuanthu sunga thuman leh thupiang thutak vive (real-life historical events) hi a, a laigelh simte in lamdang sa mahmah uh hi.

Chaucer in a la (poem) 1,375 a gelh ma-in Valentine's Day ciamtehna (record) diktak leh a man bangmah na om lo a, Foules kicite in British parliament ah St. Valentine' annek khawm pawi (St Valentine's feast day) pen amau gamte' ngeina ah kihelna panin kingaihna (courtly love) a pian' ni hi, ci-in na ciamteh hi. Chaucer in a la gelhna ah Feb. 14 pen vasate'n a koppih ding uh a zon' ni uh hi, ci-in a lai gelhna ah hih bangin na gen hi: ...February 14 as the day of birds coming together to find a mate. “For this was sent on Seynt Valentyne’s day / When every foul cometh there to choose his mate,” ci-in a la phuahna sungah na ciamteh a, Chaucer pen Valentine's Day mukhia/pankhia hi (invented) hi ding hi, kici hi.

TUA AHIH LEH ST. VALENTINE I CIH KUA HI MAWK DING HIAM?

Valentine's Day pen a nuai-a Valentines's week list bangin ni tuamtuam ni 8 (8 alternative dates) na om a, pawl khatte in tua ni giat sungah "comedy nights" kici zong kihelsak uh a, tua zan-in Tower of London ah gualnopna leh nuihna hunnuam va zang uh hi. St Valentine kici hangin khawl ni/maap ni (holiday) hong piang khiasak pen mi khat sangin a tamzaw hi ding hi, kici hi.

St. Valentine kici mi siangtho (saint) pen Roman Catholic Church in a om takpi mah hi a, AD 270 kiim pawlin si hi, ci-in na sangin thukim uh hi. Ahih zongin AD 1400s hunin tuanthu leh tangthu kiciamtehna ah Valentine kicipa pen Christian kop (nupate) a kiten'sak manin Kumpi Claudius II in a ngawng na tansak hi, kici hi. Kumpi Claudius II in pasalte in zi nei loin om zaw leh galkap hoih leh muanhuai in kizang thei zaw hi, cih ngaihsutna nei ahih manin pasalte'n zi a neih ding uh na kham a, numei a ut zahzah uh tawh pasalte kipawlsakin ci lakna leh ci khahna ding leh galkap ding bekin na zang hi.

St. Valentine in hih bang ngeina pen hoih lo hi, ci-in nungak leh tangvalte a sim in na letthat (kitengsak) sim zel hi. Claudius II in Valentine' gamtatna a theihkhiat tak ciangin thong sungah na khumcipin, thah dingin thu na pia hi.

St. Valentine kicipa pen Terni khua-a Bishop hi dingin ki-ummawh a, Claudius II in Rome khuapi nawl ah martyr in a thah hi dingin ki-ummawh hi. Valentine pen siampi (priest) leh bishop dingin ki-ummawh a, a tangthu a tuam pian tekin a kigen hangin kibang sim pian tek a, kinaih theih mahmah hi. St. Valentine pen mi khat maw ahih kei leh mi nih hi ding hiam cih kitelcian bialbual loin, thu buaihuaipi suak ahih manin Roman Catholic Church in 1969 St. Valentine zahtakna a piakna (veneration) uh beisak a, ahih zongin "official saint" kici sungah tu dong kiciamteh veve lai hi.

“Valentinus” pen Latin kammal hi a, "manpha, thahat, vanglian" a cihna ahi hi. AD kum zalom 2-8 kikal sungin hih bang min nei na tam mahmah a, Valentinus min nei martyr in a kithat zong na tam mahmah hi. Valentine ci-a kiciamteh min nei mi 12 val bang na om a, Pope Valentine kici nangawn zong om hi. Tu ni ciang dong Valentine's Day kizang pen bel Rome khua-a Claudius II in a ngawng a tansak St. Valentine phawkna in a kizang ahi hi.

ST. VALENTINE TAWH ITNA BANG TAWH KIZOPNA NEI HIAM?

St. Valentine in a simtham (secret) in nupa kitengsak a, a kiten'sak zia pen tu lai pau leh romantic vai mahmah hi. Nupa a simthamin a kiten'sak bek hi loin, mi siantho (saint), khuai khawi mi (beekeepers), khualzinna lampi kal-ah sibup leh kongkaw (epilepsy) natna in mi phakte, pulnatna a laan' ciangin mite huhin, lungam (faint) mite khawi-in na kem hi. Valentine pen nungak-tangval zu thawl kipia khinsate siangtho takin a kitengsakpa ahi hi.

St. Valentine luguh (skull) Rome khuapi-a inn sung khatah paak nam tuamtuam tawh lim takin na kikemcing den a, tu-in Cosmedin khua-a om Basilica of Santa Maria biakinn ah muh theih dingin kikoih hi. Roman kumpite in Khristian thu um mite a lom thahna uh (tu dongin hih munah luguh bekbek dim ziazua lai hi) Rome khuapi kianga om Catacombs a kicihna mun a kitawhkhiat (excavate) lai-in 1800s hun lai-in a luguh kimukhia hi. A guhte zong kitokhia-in leitung mun tuamtuam ah amah phawkna dingin kikemcing hi. Ama' pumpi tunga om, a guhte (relics) a mu nuamte'n a et theihna dingun Czech Republic, Ireland, Scotland, England leh France gamah mipi et theih dingin kikem hi.

VALENTINE'S WEEK LISTS

Tu khangthak hunin Valentine's Day nipi kal a kikhen zia leh bawltawm zia hih danm hi:

7 February: Rose Day

8 February: Propose Day

9 February: Chocolate Day

10 February: Teddy Day

11 February: Promise Day

12 February: Kiss Day

13 February: Hug Day

14 February: Valentine's Day cih gifts kipia ni, nungak leh tangvalte gualnop zat ni cih khawngin kizang zaw ta ahih manin Valentine's Day tawh St. Valentine a kisaikhakna om mel nawn lo bang a, Christmas ni gilmul vang liangin annek khawm pawi i suahsak tawh tawh kibang pian hi.

Behlapna leh thukhupna: Tu hun ciangin Valentine's Day pen St. Valentine phawkna ni dingin a kizang hilo a, St. Valentine kua hiam cih kidong le'ng Valentine's Day tun' ding a ngahlah in a phia keeite leh nisim Valentine's Day hileh a ci nuamte ahih kei leh hih ni kum tampi a zang khin sate nangawn a thei lo kitam kha ding hi. Tu hun ciangin Valentine's Day pen V-Day peuh kici ziau a, lawm kingaite in hun nuam a zat ni uh, sai lianpipi sungah a neih khempeuh uh a suuk kangna ni uh suaksak ta uh hi. Sumbuk ngakte in a sum tampi a muh ni pen uh, a ngaklah tawntung ni uh, lingpaak (rose) leh chocolate tam a zuak khiat pen ni uh suak ta hi.

Source: History.com, Wikipedia and Mirror

A kaikhawm: Thang Khan Lian #ZUNs  

A LAWHSAM DEN PA LEITUNGA MIHAU PEN 33NA SUAK

A LAWHSAM DEN PA LEITUNGA MIHAU PEN 33NA SUAK

China gam-a Alibaba Company phuankhiapa leh Alibaba Group kici company-a Executive Chairman Jack Ma pen 10 September 1964 (tu-in kum 52) Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China ah piang a, tu-in zong Hangzhou mah-ah a zi Cathy Zhāng Yīng leh a tate nih tawh teng hi.

Jack Ma pen Hangzhou Teacher's Institute (tu-in Hangzhou Normal University a kici) na kah a, 1988 in B.A. in English zo hi. A min taktak pen Ma Yun hi a, a inn panin mangpau sin dingin motorbike in minute 40 sung tai-in Huangzhou hotel ah mangpau zangte tawh kikhawl den in kum 9 sung mangpau kisin hi. Tua khit in mangpau a sinna foreigner khat tawh pen pals (lai kikhak a kilawmtatna nei) hong suak uh a, tua pa-in a min Ma Yun lawh haksa sa lua ahih manin Jack ci-in sam a, tu dong Jack Ma kici suak hi. Sang (school) a kah lai-in head of student council in na pang hi. Graduation buaih a ngah khit ciangin Hangzhou Dianzi University ah International Trade English lecturer sem hi. Tua khit nung sawtpi in Hangzhou Normal University, Cheung Kong Graduate School of Business (CKGSB) sin kik in, 2006 in graduate zo kik leuleu hi.

Graduation buaih a ngah khit in Jack Ma in sepna tuamtuam 30 ah ngetna lai pia in, a nget/siauh (applied) hangin khat beek ah kisang lo hi. Police kilakna om a, mi ngai in ngetna lai pia uh a, amah bek kisang lo hi. “Police kilakna ah ka va pai hangin, ‘Hoih khin zo lo hi teh,’ ci-in hong kinolh hi,” ci-in interviewer Charlie Rose kiangah ci hi. “Ka khuapi uh-ah KFC hong lut cil in mi 24 in ngetna lai ka khia uh a, mi 23 kila in, kei bek hong kinolh hi. Tua loin US gam-a IVY League sunga kihel Harvard University ah sawm vei ngetna lai ka piak hangin hong kisang lo hi,” ci-in gen beh hi.

1994 in Jack Ma in Internet tawh kisai na za kha hi. 1995 kum bulin US ah pai a, a lawmte huhna tawh Internet ah maitanglahna (introduced) kibawl hi. Internet ah “beer” kici kammal zong a, gam tampite pau-ah “beer” cih kammal a muh hangin Chinese in mu zo lo ahih manin lamdangsa mahmah hi. Tua khit ciangin China gam tawh kisai 'general information' a zon’ kik hangin kammal khat beek mu lo leuleu ahih manin lamdangsa mahmah hi. A lawm ten website kilawm lo “ugly” website kici China thu tawh kisai bawlsak uh hi. Tua khit naikal nga sungin Chinese ten email khak ziahziah uh a, kua na hiam ci-in a theih nopna uh dong ngeingai uh hi. Hih bang email a ngahte a kipanin Internet in meetna lianpi hong pia thei ding hi cih hong phawkkhia hi. April 1995 in a zi leh a lawmte huhna tawh mun tuamtuam panin $20,000 huhna ngah uh a, a company masa pen ding hong phuankhia in, websites company ding hong bawl khia hi. A company min dingin, “China Yellow Pages,” cih phuak hi. Tua khit kum thum khit nungin a company in Chinese sum Yuan 5,000,000 ($800,000) mu zo hi.

Jack Ma in US gam-a a lawmte huhna tawh Chinese companyte adingin website tuamtuam hong bawl hi. Kum 33 a phakin computer lei zo pan hi. 1998 panin 1999 dong Ma in Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation department nuai-a om China International Electronic Commerce Center-te information technology company phuankhiat makaih hi. 1999 kum ma-in a sepna nusiatsan in, Huanzhou ah ciakkik a, ama’ team mi 18 tawh China pansan business-to-business marketplace site Alibaba kici 500,000 Yuan tawh phuankhia hi.

October 1999 panin January 2000 kikal in Alibaba in $25 million foreign venture capital investment. Hih Chinese enterprise a khantohna kilatna suak a, China gamah domestic e-commerce market leh e-commerce platform nakpi takin khangsak hi. Ma in global e-commerce system puahphat ding leh khan’sak ding deih ahih manin 2003 in Taobao Marketplace, Alipay, Ali Mama leh Lynx phuankhia hi. Taobao nasia takin lawhcingin hong khan’ ciangin eBay in a company a lei sawm hangin phal lo hi. Ma in a company huhna dingin Yahoo co-founder Jerry Yang tung panin $1 billion investment ngah zawsop hi.

September 2014 in Alibaba in initial public offering (IPO) ah sum $25 billion val ngah hi ci-in New York Stock Exchange in suaksak hi. Alibaba in $25 a Ma in Alibaba Group ah executive chairman len a, Alibaba Group nuai-a om major subsidiaries 9- Alibaba.com, Taobao Marketplace, Tmall, eTao, Alibaba Cloud Computing, Juhuasuan, 1688.com, AliExpress.com leh Alipay neipa suak hi. November 2012 in Alibaba in online transaction volume a ngah pen trillion Yuan val ahih manin Ma in "trillion Hou” ("Trillion Yuan Marquis" a cihna) cih min ngah hi. Tua loin universities tuamtuam ten Ma lecture pia dingin cial zel uh a, tuate lakah US President Trump in graduation a ngahna University of Pennsylvania-a Wharton School, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, sawm vei kahna dingin lai a piak hangin a nolh Harvard University leh Peking University in lecture pia dingin cial zel uh hi. 2016 in Jack Ma pen Bordeaux khuapi a om Château de, Côtes de Bourg a om Chateau Guerry leh Blaye a om Château Perenne neipa suak beh lai hi. January 9, 2017 in Jack Ma leh President Trump in Trump Tower ah kihona nei uh a, kum nga sungin US gamah sepna million 1 bawl khiat ding vai kikupkhawmna nei uh hi.

College a kah lai-in thum vei kia (failed) in, sepna tuamtuam 30 a siauh hangin ngah loin, KFC ten a mah bek a nolh uh a, police kilakna ah amah bel kinolh a, Harvard University in 10 vei a ngetna a nolh in, a nuntak sungin lawhsam den pa pen March 3, 2016 in a neihsa $22 billion pha hi ci-in kiciamteh hi. Leitunga mihaute kiciamtehna Forbes World Billionaire sungah a 33na in pang zo hi.

Na nuntak sungin bang zah vei lawhsapna na tuak ta a? Japante' paunak in, "Sagih vei na tuk leh giat vei tho kik in," a cih lungngaih tham cing mahmah hi. A tuk ngei lote sangin tuk napi a tho kikte khauhpaih zaw uh hi.

Source: Wikipedia and Positively Positive

I TEENNA LEITUNG THAKHAT THU-A A SIATNA DING A PIANGSAK THEI NAM GUKTE

I TEENNA LEITUNG THAKHAT THU-A A SIATNA DING A PIANGSAK THEI NAM GUKTE

Feb. 1, 2017: I teenna leitung pen nuclear zanga gal omna, leitung lum luatman (global warming) ahih leh natna lianpi a pian'na hangin beimang thei hi kici. Ahih hangin hih thu thumte pen kipelh thei napi leitung thakhat thu-in a siat gawpna (catastrophes) theihna ding thu nam guk hangin a siat ding kipelh thei lo hi ci-in Conservative news laipaih (articles) ah Nottingham Trent University-a Lecturer in Astronomy sem Daniel Brown in thu nam guk a gente en dih ni.

1. High energy solar flare: Ni pen aksi nam khat banga kingaihsun a cingkam leh siatna a piangsak lo (peaceful star) bangin a kingaihsut hangin magnetic fields kici ni sungah tampi om a, tua munte pen i teenna leitung sangin golzaw hi. Tua munte ah radiation hangin ni huih (solar wind) kici om thei a, tua-in mihingte sih theihna ding na them nono (particles) leh radiation kici piangsak thei hi. 1859 in zong ni panin huihpi (solar storm) in leitung na nawk ngei a, tua pen Carrington Event kici a, electronic van tampi tak na sia gawp hi. Caring Event banga hatzaw hong piang kik leh mei (electricity), a lumsakna (heating), AC, GPS leh internet khempeuh a siat banah zatui leh nek ding an khempeuh kisia khin ding hi.

2. Asteroid impact kici aksi them kia suang ten leitung hong deng leh mihing tampi kisi ding hi. Asteroids in leitung a deng manin ganhing gol mahmah dinosaur kici khempeuh na bei (extinct) hi kici hi. Asteroids gol ten leitung hong deng leh mihingte nuntakna bei zo ding kici hi (Mangmuhna LST sim leng zong aksi leh khapi a kim khat in leitung deng hi cih i mu thei hi).

3. Expanding sun kici ni pen khan' beh leh atmosphere pua-ah planetary nebuba kici kibawl ding hi. Ni pen kum 7.72 billion in a upat ciangin si ding hi ci-in scientists ten ci uh hi. Tua bangin ni in a golna behlap hi leh vantunga om na gol (stellar giant) ten Mercury leh Venus umcih zo ding uh hi. Solar wind hangin ni liat beh dinga, i teena leitung pen a pua lamah (outer layers) ah kikhin dinga, aksi site bangin malh/tuisuak (melt) ding ahih manin mihingte kinungta zo lo ding hi.

4. Local gamma ray burst kici a hat mahmah gamma ray puakkham hangin ni, kha leh planet tuamtuamte a kimkot binary star systems (two stars orbiting a common centre) pen puak kham dinga, second tam lo sung ahih kei leh minute tam lo sungin puakkham ding hi. Hih bangin a puakkhapna hangin sih theihna ding radiation a dal ozone layer kici kisia dinga, aksi puakkham (supernovas) piang ding ahih manin ni panin UV radiation in i teenna leitung hong nawk dinga, mi khempeuh kisi khin ding hi.

5. Nearby supernovas kici pen aksi puakkham (Supernova explosions) pen aksite a nutakna ding hun a bei ciangin puakkham hi. Aksi puakkham pen aksi lom omna Milky Way kicihna ah kum 100 sungin nih vei bang puakkham den hi. Milky Way panin leitung kigamla lua ahih manin a kisi khin lo hi bek hi. Betelgeuse aksi kici pen aksi san gol mahmah hi a, si dekdek ta hi. A oman kiim Orion panin 460-650 light years (light years kici pen 5.88 trillion miles or 9.46 trillion kilometers ahi hi) in gamla in om hi. Kum million sanga tamzaw deuh khit ciangin hih aksi san puak kham dinga, a upak khapna hangin sih theihna radiation a khak khiat ding pen light yraes 50 bangin kigamla hi.

6. Moving stars (aksi kikhin) pen aksi vak thapte (wandering stars)
Milky Way kiim-ah vak kawikawi uh a, ni tawh va kinaih tektek uh hi. Tua bangin aksi vakthapte pen suangtum golpi hi uh a, ni kiim-a om “Oort cloud” kicihna mun nawl tawh va kitaih khat le uh aksi them kia (comets) i cih ten leitung hong deng dinga, nuntakna nei khempeuh kisi khin ding hi. Ni nangawn aksi lomte omna Milky Way kiim a kimkot hi a, interstellar gas kim-ah kimkot ahi hi. Tua hangin aksi puak kham (supernova) tam zaw panin i teenna leitung hong dal in hong humbit thei hi. Ni' huih (sun’s wind) ni sunga om magnetic field kici in a phuan banga a omana kiim bubble-like solar system kici sunga om heliosphere in interstellar medium kici tawh in leitung hong nawkna ding hong dal hi. Hih kiim pen kum 20,000 to 50,000 sungin heliosphere ah zat theih mel kei leh leitungah khuahun lumna leh votna nakpi takin kilaih dinga, nuntakna nei khempeuh si khin ding hi.

Source: Space.com