BURMA/MYANMAR GAM A BEISA TANGTHU ET PAKNA LEH GAM KIIM-A THUPIANGTE PANIN SINKHIAT DING KUPNA
May 21: Myanmar military (Tatmadaw) ten Feb. 1 ni-in ukna buluhin gam ki-ukna vai-ah thuneihna hong buluak ciangin a pakta kuamah i om kei uh hi. A ngongtatna uh leh buaina piangsak sese oin kilemhuai takin junta regime ukna deih lohna leh langpan'na lahna dingin lungphona neite (anti-junta peaceful protesters or non-violent demonstrators) hong ban thah zialzial ciangun na kisa ciat hi. Tua bek hi loin Zomite tamna pen Mindat khuapi buluhin a lak khit ciangun Martial Law tawh a khua ukcip khum uh a, Tedim khuapi hong nawk ban uh-ah ei Zomite thah hong kipat ciangun i sin i lung kitomin na kisa mahmah ciat hi.
Tua bang hi napi-in a kisai kha het lopi leh a phattuamna ding khat beek om lo hi napi-in online sunga, "Pu Do Nang in kumpi len suak lai hi zen leh Min Aung Hiang hih bangin gamta ngam lo ding hi...; Biden in kumpi a let mani hih bang piang hi...; tRump in kumpi len suak lai hileh US galkapte hong lut khin ta ding uh hi etc etc...," ci-in tRump a pup gup leh pasian zahin a muang zuau thusuak ngahte leh Sia nengneng ten a husan uh a bei dong 2020 US eections khit nung nangawn zuauthu vive tatsat loin gen sawm bang veve lai bang uh hi. Tua loin, pawl khatte leuleu in China leh Russia pum ngawh leh tang ngawh pong uh a, pum muhdah cihtakin mudah leuleu uh hi.
Feb. 1 ni-in galkapte in ukna a buluh zawhna uh pen military-drafted 2008 Constitution sungah Tatmadaw ten thuneihna a neih uh a liat luatna hang leh state institution a kiciat lohna hang leh civilian government a thanem luatna leh pilvan' zawh lahna hang hi pen hi. 2008 Myanmar Constitution puahphat (amendment) theihna dingin a deih lo Tatmadaw in veto power nei bang uh ahih manin a beisa kum nga sungin civilian makai Aung San Suu Kyi leh ruling party NLD in gambup mipi a tam zaw deihna tawh vote lakna (referendum) tungtawnin dictatorship ukna gamdangte model ah a upadi uh puahphat or phiat uh a, a thak bawl a bawl zawh bangun referendum ding ngaihsutpi pen in a neih loh hang uh hi, ci le'ng kikhial lo kha ding hi.
A beisa hun in Tatmadaw ten ukna buuhin a lak masak uh pen 1962 kum hi a, 2011 dong junta regime government in thuneihna len suak ahih manin junta dictatorship kum 49 piikpeek na om khin cihna suak hi. Burma gam pen 1962 kum panin Gen. Ne Win' makaihna nuai-ah Burma Socialist Programme Party in "totalitarian one-party state" tawh khauh takin na ukcip uh hi. General Ne Win' government agenda nuai-ah "Burmese Way to Socialism" a cih na zang uh a, sum leh paai bawlna ah Burma gam gamdangte kisukha loin na tuamkoih/daangkoih (economic isolation) a, Tatmadaw na thahatsak (strengthening of the military) semsem uh ahih Burma politics (naingyanzi) ah Tatmadaw in zung thukpi na kha hi. Thakhat thu-in zungkalh khiat ding baih lo ding hi.
Hih bang government agenda kum 49 a zatna hangun Burma gam pen junta dictatorship hun sungin leitunga gam zawng pente lak-a hong suak hi. Junta regime in Burma gam sunga economy ah formal sector sungah a om companies or firms tampi tak a gam neihsa suaksakin (nationalised), galkap uliante thuneihna nuai-ah companies gol teng koih uh uh hi (tu dong mah tuaci lai ahih manin Burma politics ah junta thuneihna huzaap or influence pen thakhat thu-in bei pak lo ding bang hi). Junta government a beisa kum 49 a uk hun sungin Soviet-style central planning eh Buddhist leh khanglui ngeina upnate (traditional beliefs) na zang khawm ngelhngelh hi.
Junta in totalitarian regime in gam ki-ukna lencipin, a gam mite a nengniamna a cimtak luat ciangun 8 August 1988 ni-in Rangoon Arts and Sciences University leh Rangoon Institute of Technology (RIT) ten ungphona lahna nei-in kiphinna hong pan uh hi. Hih sangnaupangte kiphinna "student movement'' kici Burma gambup sungah meikang bangin kizeelin thakhat thu-in kipehsuak pah a, Buddhist siampute (monks), naupangte, university sangnaupangte, inn nupite, siavuante leh mipite (nautangte) zong hong diang lut-in hong kihel pah uh a, mi a tul a then a simte junta government deih loin lungphona ah hong kihel ngeingai uh hi.
Junta regime' dictatorship deih loin lungphona a kipat ni pen Aug. 8, 1988 ahih manin 8888 Uprising (Burmese: ၈၈၈၈ အရေးအခင်း) kici a, People Power Uprising ahih kei leh 1988 Uprising zong kici hi. Burma gambup sungah lungphona (nationwide protests), lampi zuihna (marches) leh ungphona ah kitualvatna (riots) piang kawikawi hi. "8888 Uprising" hun in junta ukcipna deih lote tupna leh ngimna pen Gen. Ne Win a kitawp (resigned) ding leh Burma ah political party tampi (multi-party) democracy a om ding kalh (demands) uh hi. A tupna leh a ngimna uh a ngah theihna dingun junta regime thupiak mipite in nolh (civil disobedience), mipite lehdo eh lehnan'na (civil resistance), lungphona lahna (demonstrations), junta forces tawh kinawktuah in kitualvatna ahih kei leh ngongtatna (riots), ban or strike actions cihte tawh kiphinna pen a "politica weapons" dingun galvan nam tuamtuamin na zang uh hi.
Burma gam mite in a kumpi a lehdo uh a hang pen junta government in huhna pia sese lopi-in Burma sum (currency) a sihsakna hang, Burmese economic mismanagement hang, Burmese Way to Socialism agenda leh policy a lawhsapna hang, palikte ngongtatna (police brutality) hang, nekguk takgukna (corruption) hang, galkapte in amau deihna bek tawh gam a ukcipna (military dictatorship) hang ahi hi.
8888 Uprising 8888 Upring kici a kipat cil taktak ni March 12, 1988 khit kha guk leh a kim bang a kivei khit zawh September 18 in lungphona neite a tul-a sim a kithah khit nungin a sisan tampi a suah ukna buluh galkapte (bloody military coup) in Burma Socialist Programme Party min State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) ci-in hong laih uh a, gam bup sungah kiteelpina neih dingin kamciamna a neih khit nungin mipite kiphinna leh lehdona hong dai thei hi.
Tatmadaw makaipi Gen. Ne Win' makaih Burma Socialist Programme Party leh junta regime' security force ten mipite lungphona a betdaihna uh-ah mi a tul-a simte that uh hi. Junta government in mipte in junta dictatorship deih loin a lungphona leh lehdona uh a betdaihna ah mi 350 bek si hi, ci-in official count in a simna ciamteh hi. Ahih hangin mi 3,000 - 10,000 kikal bang that dingun kituat a, mat leh hencipna a tuak leh liamna tuak zah lian bel mass communication a ginat nai loh manin kithei lo hi.
1998 kum in Burma gam a buai lai takin junta dictatorship lehdona ah NLD makai leh pro-democracy activist Aung San Suu Kyi pen "national icon" hong suakin a ettehhuai makai ci-in gambup sung leh leitung bup-ah a min hong thang vanvang hi. Military junta in a kamciamna bangin 1990 in general election ah Suu Kyi' National League for Democracy (NLD) in tutna 81% (tutna 492 lak panin 392) tak hong ngah uh hi.
Ahih hangin military junta in a election results thukimpih leh sang nuam loin Burma gam State Law and Order Restoration Council tawh gam uk zom uh a, Aung San Suu Kyi a inn pua kankhia thei lo dingin khumcip (house arrest) hi. Military junta in Burma Socialist Party min State Law and Order Restoration Council ci-in a laih pen numeite kizepna bangin a mel a kheelna (cosmetic change) tawh kibang lel a, a kiamdan'na om tuan hi. Military junta in Suu Kyi' biographical film in a bawl "The Lady" kici eitung bup ah kizeelin junta dictatorship leitung bupin a mawhpaihna hong khauh luat ciangin 2010 in house arrest in a khumcipna panin Suu Kyi na khahkhia hi.
8888 Uprising hun pen 12 March 1988 – 21 September 1988 kikal - kha gul val sung ahih banah junta in a official count ah a kithat/a si 350 bek hi a cih hangin mi 3,000 –10,000 kiim in Kawlgam adingin a lutang uh na phum khin ngei uh hi. Feb. 1 2021 coup khit May 20 ni dong pen junta dictatorship kha thum leh ni 20 kiim bang hi pan hi. Tua banah hih hun sungin junta regime in a mi thah nautang 810; a mi mat uh mi 5,308 lak panin a hencip lai (thongkia) 4,212; mat theihna dingin arrest warrants a piak 1,762 hi, ci-in local advocacy group Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP) in a data ah ciamtehna April 20 ah tuangsak hi.
Feb. 1 coup cimtak lua ta i kisak banah luang tam kikham lua khin leh kisuplawh lua khin hi, i cih pah leh 8888 Uprising hun in multi-party democracy, national election neih ding eh junta coup makaipi Ne Win' kitawpna dingin a nawh ma a pan khinsate kipiakkhiatna leh sup ngamna tawh teh theih ding hi nai lo hi. I deih leh lunggulh khat i ngahna ding do ngam leh sup ngam zek hong kisam hi. Tua loi i deih khempeuh vantung panin manna bangin hong kikhiat suk lo ding a, mi khut tawh mut mat bangin ngah ziau theih hilo hi.
Military junta in 1962 coup khit 1990 election ah guallelhna a tuah khit uh ukna a buluh kikin 2011 dong gam ukna a let suak uh tawh sim khawm leh kum 49 sung piikpeek junta dictatorship tawh gam a ukcip uh hi. Feb. 1 coup khit nunga junta regime' forces ngongtatna ah mi 3,000 - 10,000 kiim na kithat napi-in US gam, nitumna gamte leh UN in a gam mite dictators khut sung panin a hunkhia dingin galkap cikmah in hong sawl lo hi. Tua ahih manin Feb. 1 coup khit hong sawl dingun lametna uh leh "Donald Trump in US president len suak lai hileh hong honkhia khin ding hi..., UN in R2P galkapte hong sawl ding hi...," ci-in a gengente pen Burma gamah khangkhia hi buang napi-in a gam tangthu nangawn uh thei lopi-in a mot ciakciak teng hih tuak bang zaw hi.
Tua bek hi loin Burma in suahtakna a ngah ma pekin Japanese Imperial army ten Burma gam hong simin hong luahkhum (occupied) khit nung uh Aung San' makaihna tawh Myanmar army leh Burma gam a ukkhum British colonial power a lehdona hun lai-in Galpi Nihna ah a kipawlpih leh a huh China leh Russia hi. Tua hun lai pekin Myanmar army leh government tawh China leh Russia reationship pen na hoih mahmah ahih manin Feb 1 coup khit China leh Russia in UN ah Myanmar government leh military a gup zom pen thuthak ahih loh banah a lamdang hilo hi. Gam khat leh gam khat diplomatic relations pen gam uk a kilaih manin a sattat ziauziau gam kuamah om lo hi.
China leh Russia in Myanmar dictator Min Aung Hliang pum gup a, Military Council government gum hi, ci-in pum ngawh leh mudah pongin US in dictators gum ngei lo bangin i gengen ma-in Southeast Asia leh South Asia gam Myanmar' gamveng ah thupiangte zong et kawikawi masak kisam ding hi. South Korean acting president Choi Kyuhwa in thakhat thu-in galkap thahatna zangin thuneihna a lak (military coup) banah Martial Law kici galkap thuneihna tawh gam ki-ukna a koihna hang leh General Chun Doo-hwan in thukham khauh mahmah tawh gam ki-ukna thukhun a khung manin kiphinna leh lehdono May 18 to May 27, 1980 kikal sung "Gwangju Uprising'' kici South Korea gam mite in junta dictatorship deih loin kiphinna leh thau tawh a lehdona uh na piangkhia hi.
Tua hun in US in South Korean dictator leh dictatorship regime na gum hi. Gwungju Uprising hun in sangnaupangte leh a gam mite in junta dictatorship a dona uh-ah mi 165 si a, mi 76 mang a, mi 3,515 si hi. Mipite teelcing lohpi-in South Korean junta coup makai Gen. Chun Doo-hwan in kum giat sung piikpeek i.e. 1 September 1980 – 24 February 1988 kikal a gam a na ukcip khum hangin US in sanctions a koihkhum loh banah a mawhpaihna thu na gen beek loin diplomatic relationship kizopna zong na sattat tuan lo hi. Hih hun sung teng term nih sung 40th US President 20 January 1981 – 20 January 1989 kikal sung a len Republican Ronald Reagan hi, cih zong theih huai hi.
Tua loin 1986 kum in US Republican President Ronald Reagan administration leh US in a support leh December 30, 1965 – February 25, 1986 kikal kum 20 vilvel a human rights palsatin a ngongtat mahmah Philippines dictator Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos in na ukcip hi. Marcos' ukna deih loin Philippines gam mite People's Power Movement kici tawh Marcos' dictatorship leh Martial Law koih February 22–25, 1986 sung a lehdo hun un US in na gum tentan.
Dictator Marcos angpangin lungphona nei mi 2,000,000+, political parties - UNIDO, PDP–Laban, Liberal Party leh galkap sung panin a lengkhia (military defectors) - Reform the Armed Forces Movement leh Defectors of the Armed Forces kicite in ni thum sung bekin kum 20 sung US gupna tawh dictatoship in a gam a ukcip Marcos a zum sung pan lawnkhia zo uh hi. Marcos a gum Macos Clan kicite zong US tuikulh gam Hawaii ah tai henhan uh a, Fifth Republic kiphuankhia-in Corazon Aquino in philippines president hong len hi.
Tu-in zong Myanmar ah Min Aung Hiang' dictatorship leh Military Council lotkhiatna dingin UN, US, R2P huhna lametna thu sunmang gengen a, China leh Russia pum muhdahna leh gensiatna tawh gam ki-ukna kilaih dingin lamet hithiat hun hilo hi. Bangci leh MAL a thuneihna tokhom tung panin otkhiat theih ding hiam cih thu saupi ngaihsun hun hi zaw hi. Myarmar gam mite kipumkhatin a din' khawm uh a, CDM ah kumpi nasemte, a diakin galkapte leh palikte a tam zaw zol khiat zawh ding hanciam kawmin mualtung mi thawite local security groups tuamtuamte leh NUG kipawl khawmin violent leh non-violent methods zang khawmin junta dictatorship do kawm peuh le-uh gualzawhna ngahna ding lametna lianpi om hi. Gam mipite a kipumkhat peuh leh galkap ten sawt nang zo lo uh hi.
@Thang Khan Lian #ZUNs reports
