PUM GUP LEH PUM PHAT TAWH A HOIHNA TAKTAK KIMU ZO LO HI

 

PUM GUP LEH PUM PHAT TAWH A HOIHNA TAKTAK KIMU ZO LO HI

Democratic gam i cih pong hangin gam makai pawl khatte pen mawtaw a melhoih mahmah lai napi a mitmit thapai den, a mit hun ciangin a mai panin kaih thawh, a nung panin sawn ngeingai loh tawh a tai thei nawn lo pawl khat om tawh na kibang se hi. Tua ahih manin gam makai khatin a nasep ding bangin a man leh hoihin a sep theihna dingin mipite sawn leh nawh (push and pressure) loh a kiphatmawh hun om den hi.

Tua ahih manin gam uk kumpi a langpang opposition parties lamte in zong zusa bangin a holhholh kei uh leh tai sawm loin beem sunga an kikhol teng a netum mang zusa a bang makai om hi. Na citlahna, na hihkhialhna, na thuman lohhna hong gente leh na sepna na bawlna leh gen khempeuh hong thukimpih lote na gal leh sa na hi pah sam lo hi.

I beem sunga buh i seng teng a nek bei dong i ngak nop loh ciangin zusa man siam dingin zawhngeu i koih bangin opposition party kician a om loh kiphatmawh hi. Gam makai bek hi loin biakna makaite leh kipawlna makaite zong tua dan mah a bang tam mahmah hi. Thuneihna a len ruing party leh makaite pen Pasian hilo ahih manin a khialhna uh, a thuman lohna uh a kankuat thei leh phoakkhjia thei opposition a om kei leh democracy cidam thei lo hi.

Pum gup, pum phat cih tawh democratic system pen koimah ah cidam thei lo a, pum phat pum gup system in dictatorship system tawh ki-ukna leh kivaihawmna piangsak zaw hi.

Pum gup leh pum phatphat tawh a hoihna taktak a sungtawng kimu loin a puatham teng bek kimu hi. Baal (yam) limci mahmah zong a hawng met kei le'ng nektheih loh a, vok bekin duh hi. Pum gup leh pum phat bek tawh gam makaih ding utte pen vok lungsim pua teng adingin kiman'na bek om a, vok lungsim a paai lote adingin nektheih loh hi.

Pa (father) hai bekin a tapa laivuanna ah a kiat ciang, laivuanna ah thuman loin gamtangin a guk ciang leh sanginn ah mi tawh a kilailai hangin pum phatphat veve in a pahtakna thu gen in pahtawi den ahih manin kum tawp laivuanna ah kia a, a khantawn in mi gilo, suamhat leh guta in vakvai hi.

American writer, publisher, artist, leh philosopher Ebert Hubbard in, "Midangte in na hihkhiahna in hong ngaihsutte uh leh thukimpih lohna thu hong genna (criticism; gensia i cih pahpah pong) uh panin na kipelh nop ding leh bangmah hih/sem ken la, bangmah gen ken la, bangmah hih sese kei in,'' na ci hi.

@ Thang Khan Lian #ZUNs

MYANMAR GAMAH KUMPI LEHDO DINGIN A KIPHUANKHIA GAMNUAIMI KIPAWLNATE

 

MYANMAR GAMAH KUMPI LEHDO DINGIN A KIPHUANKHIA GAMNUAIMI KIPAWLNATE

Myanmar ah Myanmar govt. a lehdo thau tawi insurgent groups a kici min kithei leh kizaza 28 kiim bang om uh hi. November bei kuan 2016 Northern Alliance kicite kipawna ah insurgent groups li - Arakan Army (AA), Kachin Independence Army (KIA), Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) leh Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) kihel uh a, Brotherhood Alliance zong kici uh hi.

Observers ten 2009 kum in a kiphuankhia Arakan Army (AA) members 20,000 kiim pha dingin kituat a, 25,000- 30,000,000 kikal pha ding uh hi a ci zong om hi. AA galkapte Chin State, Kachin State; Rakhine State; Shan State eh Bangladesh–Myanmar border ah om in gamtang uh hi.

2010 in a kiphuankhia Arakan Army (AA Kayin State) ten members 100-350 kiim nei dingun kituat hi. Kayin State sungah gamtang uh hi.

2013 kum in a kiphuankhia Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA) members 2016-17 in 500-600 kiim pha dingin kituat 2018 in 200 kiim pha dingin kituat hi. Rakhine State leh Bangladesh–Myanmar border ah gamtang uh hi.

Kachin State sungah a om 1948 kiim panin a kiphuankhia leh Feb 1, 1961 kum panin operation kipan Kachin Independence Army (KIA) members 10,000–12,000 kikal pha dingin kituat hi. Kachin State ah gamtang uh hi.

Kayah State leh Kayin State ah a gamtang leh a om 1949 kum in a kiphuankhia Karen National Defence Organisation (KNDO) in members bang zah nei uh hiam cih kithei lo hi.

1949 kum in a kiphuankhia Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA) members 5,000-7,000 kikal pha dingin kituat hi. 1949 kum in a kiphuankhia Karenni Army (KA/KNPP) in members 500-1,500 kikal nei dingin kituat hi. Kayah State; Kayin State leh Tanintharyi Region kiim sungte ah gamtangin om uh hi.

1988 kum kiphuankhia Kuki National Army [KNA(B)] members 200+ pha dingin kituat hi. Chin State leh Sagaing Region sungah gamtang in om uh hi.

1989 in kiphuankhia Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) members 2,000-4,000 kikal pha dingin kituat hi. Shan State (Kokang) ah gamtang uh hi.

1949 kum in kiphuankhia Pa-O National Army (PNA) members pha zah kithei lo hi. Shan State ah gamtangin om uh hi.

2016 kum in kiphuankhia Shanni Nationalities Army (SNA) members 1,000+ pha dingin kituat hi. Kachin State ah gamtangin om uh hi.

1971 kum in kiphuankhia Shan State Army - North (SSA-N) members 8,000 kiim pha dingin kituat hi. Shan State sungah gamtangin om uh hi.

1996 kum in kiphuankhia Shan State Army - South (SSA-S) members 6,000-8,000 kikal pha dingin kituat hi. Shan State sung leh myanmar-Thailand gamgi ah gamtangin om uh hi.

1992 kum in kiphuankhia Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) members 1,500-3,500 pha dingun kituat hi.

April 1993 in Phapian (Kachin State) ah a kiphuankhia ZRA in members bang zah nei hiam cih kithei lo hi. Chin State leh India-Myanmar borber ah gamtangin om uh hi. ZRA gal/langte (opponents) Bangladesh govt. leh a Rapid Action Battalion gakapte, India govt. eh CRPF galkapte, Myanmar govt. leh

Tatmadaw ci-in Wikipedia sungah a kiciamteh hangin a do, suam leh nawk lam uh kiza kha ngei lo hi.

Feb. 1 coup khit nungin junta regime lehdo dingin local resistance groups kiphuankhiate People's Defense Force (PDF) kicite May 5, 2021 in National Unity Government (NUG) in amau armed wing in kiphuankhiatna thu tangko uh a, a members pha zah kithei lo hi. PDF leh CNF kipawl uh hi. NUG in a statement bawlna ah PDFte divisions nga - Northern, Southern, Middle, Eastern leh Western divisions in kikhen uh a, division khat in brigades thum ciat nei-in, brigade khat ah batallions ngah pha uh a, battalion in a kikhente companies li in kikhen hi, ci hi. PDF leh CNF kipawl uh a, a gal (opponents) uh leh a lehdo uh Myanmar govt. leh Tatmadaw hi.

Myanmar military tawh gam bup sungah kikaptuahna khawlsanna dingin thukimna Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) suaikai insurgent groups dangte pen Myanmar govt. in official in ethnic armed organisations (EAOs) hi a ciamtehte hih a nuai-a deudau bang teng ahi uh hi:

1988 kum in a kiphuankhia All Burma Students' Democratic Front (ABSDF) in members 600-1,000 kikal nei dingin kituat a, 2015 in NCA suaikai uh hi. Myanmar–Thailand border; India–Myanmar border leh China–Myanmar border ah gamtangin om uh hi.

1968 kum in kiphuankhia Arakan Liberation Army (ALA) members 60-100 pha dingin kituat a, 2012 leh 2015 in NCA suaikai uh hi. Kayin State leh Rakhine State ah gamtangin om uh hi.

1988 kum in kiphuankhia Chin National Army (CNA) members 200+ pha dingin kituat a, 2012 leh 2015 in NCA suaikai hi. Chin State sungah gamtangin om uh hi.

2010 in kiphuankhia Democratic Karen Buddhist Army - Brigade 5 (DKBA-5) members 1,500 kiim pha dingin kituat a, 2011 in NCA suaikai hi. Myawaddy Township leh Kayin State sungah gamtangin om uh hi.

2007 kum in kiphuankhia KNU/KNLA Peace Council (KPC) members 200 sanga tawm zaw dingin kituat a, 2015 in NCA suaikai hi. Kayin State sunga gamtat leh KNU or KNLA cih a min uh-ah a kihel hangin KNU or KNLA tawh kizopna nei lo uh hi. Kayin State sungah gamtangin om uh hi.

Cik kum-a kiphuankhia hiam cih a kithei lo Lahu Democratic Union (LDU) member bang zah pha hiam cih kithei lo a, 2018 in NCA suaikai hi. Shan State sungah gamtangin om uh hi.

1958 kum in kiphuankhia Mon National Liberation Army (MNLA) in members 800+ (2,000–5,000 reserves) nei dingin kituat a, 1995, 2012 leh 2018 in NCA suaikai hi. Mon State leh Tanintharyi Region ah gamtangin om uh hi.

1989 in a kiphuankhia National Democratic Alliance Army (NDAA-ESS) in members 3,000-4,000 kikal nei dingin kituat a, 1989 leh 2011 in NCA suaikai hi. Shan State sungah gamtangin om uh hi.

1980 in a kiphuankhia National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN-K) in members 500 sanga tawm zaw nei dingin kituat a, 2012 in NCA suaikai hi. Sagaing Region (Naga Self-Administered Zone) leh India–Myanmar border ah gamtangin om uh hi.

2009 in a kiphuankhia Pa-O National Liberation Army (PNLA) in members 400+ nei dingin kituat a, 2012 in NCA suaikai hi. Shan State eh Myanmar–Thailand border ah gamtangin om uh hi.

1989 kum in a kiphuankhia United Wa State Army (UWSA) members 20,000 -25,000 pha dingin kituat a, Myanmar insurgent groups tuamtuamte lakah a hat pen bangin a kingaihsun ahi uh hi. 1989 leh 2011 in NCA suai na kai hi. Shan State sungah gamtangin om uh hi.

1969 kum in a kiphuankhia Wa National Army (WNA) members 200 kiim pha dingin kituat a, 1997 in NCA suaikai hi. Shan State sungah gamtangin om uh hi.

Defuncts groups sungah groups 21 kiim omte gamtang nawn lo uh hi. A tunga insurgent groups i gente lak state khat sungah zong kipawlna tuamtuam om hi, cih kimu thei hi. Ahih hangin junta in ukna a buluh khit nungsang amau leh amau uino bangin a kipettuah a om lam media ah kimu kha ngei lo leh za kha nai lo hi.

April 4 in AFP news source la sawnin France 24 reports in a genna ah Feb. 1 junta coup khit nungsang junta regime security forces ten junta coup langpang mi 550 val a thah khitna hangun amau hatna kuam sung (a tam zawte border regions) a ukkhum Myanmar ethnic insurgent groups leh militias 20 valte heh mahmah uh hi, ci-in local monitoring group in ci hi, ci-in gen hi.

Rebel Restoration Council of Shan State makai General Yawd Serk in, "Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) suaikai ethnic armed groups (mual tungmi thau tawi kipawlna) 10te in onine panin junta forces in nautangte thau tawh a kapna vai genkhawmna kinei a, ethnic armed groups 10te in mipite kip takin kidin'pih hi. Ngongtatna leh dictatorship a beina dingin kinawhin kingen (demand) hi. NCA vai thukimna meeting khit ciangin etphatna (review) kinei ding hi," na ci hi.

Myanmar military (Tatmadaw) in ukna a buluh khit nungin ethnic armed groups ten NCA thukimna zaktak zo nawn loin a gal kikhat uh "common enemy" junta forces lehdo kipan uh hi. Feb. 1 coup khit nungsang ethnic armed groups dangte state khat sungah pawl tuamtuam a om hangun amau leh amau a kivau leh kisuam cih khat beek kiza kha nai lo hi.

Ahih hangin manta khalgah ne kha i hiam aw, ahih kei leh nantang tolawk ne kha i hiam aw - ei Zomi leh Zogam humbit ding, a mite democratic rights humbitsak dingin luang leh baan kham ngam ci-in a kipiakhia thau tawi pawl khatte in junta regime lehdo dinga kithawit lingling pante training camps peuh va mot suamsak dihdih uh hi cih kiza kiaukiau a, khat leh khat kivau leh ki-el tuah ding lamsang hong hakhat mahmah zawsop uh hi. I kitelsiamlohna a om leh a thu a la tawh tu khawmin i pu i pate ngeina bangin ven'sak meng kisam hi. Zomite teen'na leh lom teen'na lakah i tamna pen Chin state sungah thau tawi kipawlna dang a om ding i deih vet kei leh zong minam dangte thau tawite beek do ngam masa nai lopi-in ei leh ei i kido ding i kipat mawk leh i maban mial leh sah mahmah zaw ding a, phu kilakna tawh sisan luanna gam kisuaksak peelmawh ding bang hi.

Gal kikhat i neih hunin ei leh ei gal leh sa bangin kidelhin kivau tuah thapai pongin, akta mang kuan bangin kitutu bang leh unau beelkang kituh bangin ei leh ei kisuamsuam le'ng minam dangte in nuihciam hong leelsan ding uh cih loh buang i nawh lawh peek het lo ding a, kipumkhatna sangin kikhenna zai zaw semsem ding a, minthan'na sangin mindaina bekin hong suulnung zuih ding hi. Tua bek hi loin i gal ding tam semsem zawsop ding hi.

Matthai 9:37 sungah Jesuh in, “Anlak ding tampi om napi-in anlak na a sem ding mi tawm bek a om hi,'' a cih bangin anlak ding tampi a om lai takin a la ding tawm bek omsunte uino bangin hong kipettuah loin galdo nuam takpi ahih uh leh mipite lunggulhna bangin i galte mah hong do ngekngek masak zaw ding uh kilunggulh leh kilamen ciat a, kingaklah mahmah ta hi. Zomi cih i nomenclare min pen kuamah aituam neihsa leh lamsa hi tuan lo ahih manin ei leh ei i kibatzanna ding, kivau, kivuak, kimat leh kithahna dingin i zat khak zenzen leh tu hun leh khangthak hun-ah kuamah in mangngilh leh hong maisak zo ngei lo ding hi.

Tua ahih manin note tungah hong kibawl ding na deih bangun midangte tungah na bawl un. Moses Thukhamte leh kamsangte’ thuhilhnate pen hih mah a deihna ahi hi. (Matthai 7:12)

By: Thang Khan Lian #ZUNs reports

LINGVOM KUNG PANIN LEENGGAH KILO NGEI LO A, SIALTALLING KUNG PANIN THEI GAH KILO NGEI LO HI

 

LINGVOM KUNG PANIN LEENGGAH KILO NGEI LO A, SIALTALLING KUNG PANIN THEI GAH KILO NGEI LO HI

Gam leh minam adingin mapangin na kipat khiat a, na din ding leh mipite taalkaih sawm masa photin, zawhthawh thu tawh nangma ut leh deihna bangbangin nawk leh pei gawpgawpin, vau zawhna tawh thuneihna leh gualzawhna na ngah hun a om tei hangin sawt kimang lo ding hi. Na thuneihna a bei ni ciangin na tat leh thawl zawhna na gam neu mahmah ding hi.

Mipi a tam zawte awi leh gupna leh thukimna ngah lopi-in gualzawhna leh thuneihna ngah zawh hun a om tei hangin sawt kimang lo a, sawt kip leh kho zo ngei lo hi. A sih dongin ama deihna bang bekin gam uk (dictator) mi leitung ah na tam het lo a, a tam zawte a hun lopi-in sihsia in si zawsop uh hi. Tangthu (history) sungah a tangthu uh a hoih lamin kigelh ngei lo hi.

Gam leh minam adingin mapangin na din buang leh gam leh minam mah masak in la, a min leh a kipawlna sangin a mipite leh a gam mite mah khual masa zaw in la, mipite tawh tonkhawn den lecin na mapai-in na daupai den ding hi. Thuman thutangin vaihawmin mipite tawh na kipawl leh tonkhawm lai teng kihtak leh patauhna ding na nei ngei kei ding hi.

Na thuneihna leh gualzawhnate a mipite leh gam i thuneihna leh gualzawhna na suahsak lai teng na thuneihna leh gualzawhna kipin kho den ding a, na vangliatna khang semsem ding hi. Mipite leh gam ading na khual masak a, mipite tawh kipawlin na tonkhawn lai teng na sepna ah muibunin na daupai den ding a, na gam leh a mipite in hong it den ding uh hi. Na sih khit nung nangawn in tangthu sungah na min a hoih lamin kiciamteh ding a, mang ngei lo ding hi.

"Galhiam a tawi mipa adingin a galhiam pen a gal suak thei hi, ci-in Turkish ten paunak na nei uh hi. Na galhiam tawi a zat lohna dingpi ah na zat khak leh nang adingin na gal lianpen suak thei zawsop hi. "Thahatna sangin lungduaina hoih zaw a, khuapi khat ukzawhna sangin eimah ki-ukzawhna hoih zaw hi," ci-in Paunak 16:32 na gen hi.

Kumpi Solomon' paunak sungah:

Midikte in gam a uk ciangin gammite lungdam uh a, migilote in a uk ciangin a gammite thum uh hi. Thumanin a gamta kumpi in a gam kipsak a, sum bek a ngaihsun kumpi in a gam siasak hi. Thu a khual lote in khua sungah buaina lianpi piangsak a, mipilte in tua buaina daisak thei hi.

Mi a that nuamte in a thuman mi mudah a, midikte in a thuman mi hu uh hi. Kumpipa in zuauthu saangin na sem leh a nuai-a ulian khempeuh zong zuaugenin nitum ding uh hi. Kumpipa in mizawngte’ thu a manin khensak leh a ukna kip tawntung ding hi.

Migilote ulian suak leh siatna khang semsem a, ahi zongin midikte in amau’ mit mahmah tawh a gilo uliante’ zakiatna mu ding uh hi.

Thu ngaihsun loin a pheng paupau mipa sangin mihai pa adingin lametna om zaw lai hi. A kiphasakte in niamkhiatna thuak ding a, a kiniamkhiatte in pahtawina ngah ding hi. Midikte in migilote mudah uh a, migilote in midikte mudah uh hi, ci-in Paunak 29:2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 23, 27 sungah na gen hi.

Gam leh minam adingin kipawlna leh mapang a kici khempeuh up khit pahpah ding hilo a, a hilote na muh ciangin lim takin kikem in. Pawl khatte in a tungthamah tuu lim hong pua-in, ahi zongin a sungtawng taktak uh ngia hangsan bang uh hi. Amaute’ gamtatna tawh amau’ pianzia na thei ding hi. Lingvom kung panin leenggah kilo ngei a, sialtalling kung panin theigah kilo ngei ahi hiam?

Tua ahih manin singkung cidamte in gah limci gah a, singkung gina lote in gah gina lo gah uh hi. Singkung cidamte in gah gina lo gah ngei lo a, singkung gina lote in gah limci gah ngei lo hi, cih mangngilh kei ni.

 Thang Khan Lian #ZUNs

GANHINGTE TUNG PANIN SIN THEIH DING TAMPI MAH NA OM HI

  

GANHINGTE TUNG PANIN SIN THEIH DING TAMPI MAH NA OM HI

Biakna kipawlna, minam min tawh kipawlna ahih kei leh political party cih khawng pen i langte hong demna leh genna khempeuh zadah leh kihta in ui bangin i tuahkhak peuh tottot leh baubau ding hilo hi. Tua bang kipawlna limlim muibun loin lamzang ngei lo hi.

Ngalkhaat bangin i suksiat zawh khempeuh i khut thak siakna ding lelin i kiim i kiang teng phuksiat leh suksiat thapai ding hilo hi. A phattuamna ding mahmah om lo hi

Humpinelkai bangin i zawh zo teng balzaan gawp ding hi pah lo hi. Humpinelkai thahat mahmah napi-in a matsa ganhing pen ngia hon in suhsak zo veve hi. Gamsa khempeuh lak panin humpinelkai a thahat pen ahih hangin a hangsan gam lawital khat bekin zong a ki tawh deih takin a pik ciangin huih lakah lawn vauvau zo veve ahih manin bangmah lawh ngam lo hi.

Biakna kipawlna, minam min tawh kipawlna ahih kei leh political party buang ganhing ettehin ngalulok a gol ciangin uiphuk a suah bang leh thankik in a gial a laih themthum niloh bangin kipawlna min khawng ut hun peuh in a min peuh suk laih to laih ding hilo hi. Ginatloh vai leh ngaihsutna kician neih loh vai ahihna a lim a kilahkhiatna hi zaw hi.

I tun nopna mun ding leh ngimna mun i tun nop takpi leh saipi lampai bangin tang takin pai hiathiat zawk a, i lampi hong khaktan leh dal a om ciangin phun lo pau sese loin hepkhiat leh tuatcil ding hi zaw hi. Galpi Nihna hun lai-in England Prime Minister Winston Churchill in, "Na tun nopna mun dong na tun nop leh na paina lampi ah hong tawng ui khempeuh suang tawh na deng niloh leh na tung ngei kei ding hi," na ci hi. I ngimna leh geelna hong thukimpih lo khempeuh i gal leh i sa hi khin pah lo hi.

Ngimna kician a nei mihai nangawn in midangte hih theih loh siamna a nei ngimna leh geelna a nei lo mipa zo zo veve hi. Ngimna leh geelna kician nei masa limlim peuhin, i ngimna leh geelnate sepkhiat zawhna dingin saupi geelkholhna nei peuh le'ng kipawlna khatpeuh a ma a khantan zo ding tam het lo hi.

Meidawi luat leh patauh baih luat pen lawhsapna kipatna bulpi hi nuam zaw hi. Hong tawng khempeuh kihtak ding hi khin lo hi. Ui in a kihtakte a tot a ngeina hi. Kihtak a hau a meidawi kipawlna limlim koimah ciang tung zo lo hi. I sepkhiatna kisialhpih pahin va tangko khiat lualua niloh sangin i sepkhiatna mikim in a muh ding na thupi zaw pek hi.

 Thang Khan Lian #ZUNs reports

ZOGAM TANGTHU A TOM IN

 

ZOGAM TANGTHU A TOM IN

A gelh: Rev. Khup Za Go

Zogam (Chin Hills) pen a leitang tai patle 13,902 hi a, mihing pen 1974 kumin 354,000 pha dingin ki-ummawh hi. A gam buppi pen township 9 kisuah a, Tiddim, Tonzang, Falam, Thlantlang, Haka, Matupi, Paletwa, Mindat leh Kanpetlet kici a, Township Officer khat ta in uk hi.

Thangmual (Fortwhite), Innbuk, Bawipa, Lunmual, Awtaraw leh Khonu kicite mual minthangte hi a, lui min nei deuh pen, Gun, Ciau, Bawinu, Lemro, Mata leh Mong kicite hi. Lih pen bual lian pen hi.

KI-UKNA

Tang lai-in Zogam pen kuama khut nuai-ah om loin Zomite amau leh amau ki-uk hi. 1896 kumin Mikang kumpi in aana tawh la-in, India leh Kawlgam pen gam khatin uk khawm uh hi. 1948 kum in Kawlgam in suahtakna a ngah ciangin Zogam pen Chin Special Division kici-in a uk Zumpi pen Chin Affairs Council kici hi. 1974 kumin Zomite in state ngah uh a, Zogam pen Chin state kici a, Zo Zumpi pen Chin States People’s Council kici Zo Zumpi pen a masa in Rangoon ah om hi. Tua panin Kawlpi (Kalemyo) ah kisuan a, tua pan tawlkhat khit ciangin Haka khua-ah kikhin kik a, tu takin tua lai munah om hi.

BIAKNA

1. KHANGLUI BIAKNA:

Ni dang lai-in Zomite in dawi leh kau, sing leh suang bia uh hi. Mual leh guamte kihta in vokno akno tawh kithoih uh hi. Dawi nam tampi inn dawi, gam dawi a bia uh hi. Hih bang biakna pen Mikang pau-in Animism kici a, leitung mi khempeuh phialin tanglai in tua bang upna leh biakna a nei uh hi. Kawlte in zong Buddha biakna a zuih ma un hih bang khanglui biakna mah zui hi dingin ki-ummawh hi.

2. PAU CIN HAU BIAKNA:

1900 pawl ciangin gan tawh kithoih dawi biakna phiatin Pasian khat om hi, ci-in upna biakna thak khat Pau Cin Hau in phuan hi. Tua biakna thak pen kibawl pha-in tu-a Zogam sung bekah hi loin Manipur leh Aizawl gam Zomite teen'na dongin kizeel man hi. Pau Cin Hau pen Tedim khua Khan Lian leh Cing Zam’ tapa hi a, 1859 kumin suak a, 1948 Dec. 28 ni-in Mualbem khua-ah si hi. Zolai zong phuan ahih manin “Laipian Biakna” zong kici thei hi.

3. KHRISTIAN BIAKNA:

(a) American Baptist Pawlpi:

Zogam Lai Siangtho thu hong puak masa pen American Baptist Pawlpi hi. March 15, 1849 kumin Rev. A. `Carson-te nupa Zogam tung hi. March 21, 1902 ciangin zato siam Dr. H. East-te nupa Zogam hong tung uh hi. Missionary masa pen Rev. A. Carson April 1, 1908 kum a sih ciangin Dec. 21, 1908 ciangin Dr. J.H. Cope te nupa hong tung hi.

Dr. East pen a gam tawh kituak lo-a dam thei lo ahih manin sawt om loin America ciah kik pah a, a laih dingin zato Dr. J.G. Woodin-te nupa Nov. 11, 1910 ciangin hong tung uh hi. Dr. Woodin-te 1915 kumin Bhamo ah kisuan uh ahih manin Zogam nasem dingin Dr. C.V. Strait-te nupa Oct. 2, 1925 ni-in hong tung uh hi. June 11, 1938 ni-in Dr. Cope a sih ciangin Dr. F.O. Nelson-te 1940 kumin hong tung uh hi.

A nunung penin Rev. R.G. Johnson-te nupa February 2, 1946 ni-in hong pai uh a, 1966 kumin ciah kik uh hi. Amau nupa pen American Baptist Missionary Zogam panin ciah nunung pen ahi uh hi. Hi bangin Zogam ah Khristian Pawlpi hong kipan a, 1940 kumin R.C.M. Pawlpi, 1948 ciangin S.D.A. Pawlpi hong tung uh a, tu ciangin Khristian Pawlpi tuamtuam tampi Zogam ah piang hi.

(b) Khristian Khantohna

Zogam ah tui kiphum masa pen Thuam Hang leh Pau Suan hi a, April 4, 1904 ni-in Rev. Carson in tuiphum hi. Missionary-te leh Zomi Khristian masate in haksatna tampi tawh na hong sep ciangun hi bang tuiphum mihing khan’tohna kimu hi:

1915 – 150

1930 – 1591

1940 – 5514

1950 – 19655

1960 – 37705

1970 – kithei lo

1980 – 69191

Hih pen Zomi Baptist Convention (ZBC) ciaptehna bangin tuiphum sa teng bek hi a, Pawl huam milip hilo hi. Tua ciangin ZBC pen Zogam sung bek hilo Kale Valley, Tamu Valley leh Upper Chindwin sung Zomi Baptist kipawlna ahih manin Zogam sung Baptist Pawlpi ahi lo Khristian Pawlpi dangte tawh kigawm lai leh Zogam bup Khristian pha zah pen kithei pan ding hi.

(c) ZBC Tangthu Tawm

Zogam Khristiante pen tawm lai ahih manin 1905 a kipanin pawlpi khat bangin vai pai lai uh hi. 1948 ciangin Tiddim, Falam leh Haka ci-in Association 3 kisuah uh hi. 1953 ciangin hih Association thum tengin Zomi Baptist Convention ci-in kipawl khopna phuan uh hi. Tu ciangin ZBC pen Association tuamtuam 14 kipawlna hi a, Zogam sung Baptist bek hi loin a kiima Zomi Baptist te zong kipawl uh a, Tiddim, Falam, Haka, Kale Valley, Tamu Valley, Kalemyo, Thantlang, Matu, Tonzang, Kuki, Siyin, Zo, Thado leh Zotung ci-in Pasian nasep khopna hi. Tu-in ZBC pen Burma Baptist Convention sungah Karen zomin Convention thahat pen a nihna ahi hi. ZBC General Secretary masa pen Sia Hau Go hi a, tu laitak a sem pen sia Hrang Tin Khum hi. ZBC in Kawlgam bup BBC sungah pan mun a tuamtuam len ngei a, tu laitak BBC President zong Zomi Sia Tial Dum ahi hi.

LAI THU (LITERATURE)

I gensa bangin Tedim gam panin Pau Cin Hau in lai bawlin Zomite pen lai nei minam khat suak hi. Tua lai pen a tungin laimal 1053 bang hi. Tua pen kipuah phain laimal 37 kisuak sak hi. Hih laimal tawh biakna thu, tangthu leh late kikhumin Tedim gam bek hi loin Manipur gam dong kizang ngei hi. Hih Zolai tawh 1931 kumin British and Foreign Bible Society kici Lai Siangtho Khen Pawlpi in zong Mualtung Thuhilhna teng bu 500 khen ngei uh hi. (Tua Laibu pen India Bible Society in London Bible Society tung panin ngah ding a hanciam laitak hi).

Kumpi lam panin Census of India, 1931 Volume XI; Part 1 laimai 194-5 sungah “Pau Cin Hau Script” ci-in kikhum hi. 1917 kum-a Zomi French (Piantit) gam paite in hih Zolai zangin inn lamte tawh lai kikhak thei uh hi. Tu-a a kizang Mikang laimal bang loin Zopau pen hih Zolai tawh a awsuah a man lianlianin kigelh thei hi, kici hi. Tangthu a kigen savun tunga kigelh lai, uipi in a nek mang bang hi nawn lo ahih ciangin hih lai pen Zogam in a ngaihsut phat mahmah dingin kilawm hi.

Mikang laimal tawh 1915 Dr. Cope in Mattiu bu Tedim pau-a a khet pen Zogam-a laibu kibawl masa pen hi. 1932 kumin Thuciam Thak bu kikhen a, 1977 ciangin Lai Siangtho buppi kikhen hi. 1932 kum-a kikhen Thuciam Thak bu pen Zogam ah muh ding om nawn lo hi. Burma Bible Society ah bu khat kikhen hi ci-in Sia Kam Khaw Thang in gen a, London University library ah bu khat mah om hi ci-in “Tiddim Chin” kici laibu bawl Prof. Henderson in gen hi.

Haka pau tawh 1920 kumin Lungdamna Thute leh Sawltakte Tangthu a kikhet cil kum hi a, 1940 in Thuciam Thak bu kikhen a, 1933 kumin Lai Siangtho bupi kikhen a, Falam tawh 1933 kumin Lungdamna Thu bute, 1937 kumin Thuciam Thak kikhen a, Lai Siangtho buppi pen a kibawl laitak hi. Zotung leh Ngawn pau tawh zong Lai Siangtho bu nono kibawl hi.

Sang laibu tawh kisai-in Dr. Cope in Tedim, Falam leh Haka pau tawh Class IV dong 1925 in na bawl khin hi. Dr. Cope in missionary ahih hangin Kumpi ah Sang Mang (Inspector-of-Schools – Chin Hills), na sem ahih manin Sang Mang a sem lo missionaryte nangawn tu dongin “Sang Mang” kicihlawh hi.

Ni dang lai-in Zogam ah kikawmna haksa a, khua muhna lah toi ahih ciangin gam khat leh nam khat ahih hangun kampau tuamtuam na piang hi. Tu hun leuleu ciangin kikawmna kiphakna tam, pilna siamna zong khang ahih manin khat leh khat pau leh ham kitheihna zong khang hi.

MINAM MIN

Tu-a hih lai gelhna sungah a kizang mah bangin Zomi leh Zogam cih pen a tunga kipanin a kizang tawntung hi a, Mikangte leh a pualam minam dangte in Chin leh Chin Hills ci-in ciamteh uh hi. Tedim gam panin a lal Aizawl gam leh Manipur gam a tung mi pawl khatte i kilawh i kisapna khat Paite kici Zogam gen loh Tedim gamsung mahmah a zong a kizat loh pen mi tampi-in lamdang sa-in a hang kithei nuam ciat kha ding hi.

Tua tawh kisai-in Census of India 1931, Vol. XI, Part 1, laimai 184 sungah: gamsung minam ciaptehna sungah Paite cih pen kiphiat hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh Zogam Mangpi (Deputy Commissioner of Chin Hills) in a genna ah Paite cih min pen Falam gam mite in Zogam sak lam (Northern Chin Hills) ah a teeng Zomite pen Thahdo hita leh Zote hitaleh, Sukte hitaleh minamte a cihna uh kampau hi a, amau minam min, amau kilawhna min hilo hi ci hi.

THUKHUPNA

Zogam tangthu, Pawlpi tangthu leh minam tangthu cih bang a kicinga gelhna laibu om lo a, a om sunte zong Mikangte gelh ahih manin ei theih nop leh deih lam thu tuang kim lo hi. Missionaryte hong paina thu a kigelhna laibu thum ka et leh a ni a kha a tuam ciatin kikhum a, Rev. Nelson hong tun ni leh kha a kikhumna om lo hi.

Zogam sazian (statistics) a kikan hangin kingah zo lo hi. Zogam lai sim thei en thei (literacy percentage) ahi zongin, Kawlgam bup-a Zomi pha zah ahi zongin a thei om lo hi. I gam i lei sazian thei kei leeng a khang leh a kiam i hih bangci kitheih ding hiam? Tua ahih manin 1981 gambup kisimna (census) pen lim taka theih sawm ding ahi hi.

Mailam hun-ah thu a kicing zaw a kan, a gelh hong om pah ding lamen hang. Bang hang hiam cih leh Pasian in a bawlsa na khat peupeuh kep loh don loin a mawkna in nusia ngei lo hi. Leitung leh a bawlsa na khempeuh a uk ding, a keem dingin mihing bawl hi. A bawlsa Eden huan a keem ding a hah ding, a puah dingin mipa koih hi. Tua ahih ciangin minamte Topa ahi Pasian in a bawlsa, a piansak Zomite leh Zogam zong Ama deihna tawh kituakin, Ama vangliatna dingin a keem ding, a cing ding, a zun ding mipa koih peuhmah ding hi. Tua mipa pen nang leh kei hi hang.

[Hih article pen India gam-a Chin Baptist Association pawlpi in kha sim in a suahsak LUNGDAMNA AW, Lom 5 Hawm 11 leh 12, Nov-Dec. 1980, laimai 1, Lom 6, Hawm 1 January 1981 laimai 1 pan a kiteikhia hi. Sia Khup in Guwahati, Assam, India ah a khetsak 2004 kum in LEIVUI PANIN (Out of the Dust in Tedim Chin) a cih a laibu a first edition sunga KHAWK NIHNA - GEN LEH GELH a cih sunga article 7na ah zong na suakin na tuangsak kik hi Siapa pen Holy Bible in Tedim (1975-76) leh New Testament Pocket size in Tedim (1995) a proofreader ahi hi. New Delhi, India ah ZCF Pastor a sep laitak April 9, 2005 in a vakna Moti Bagh, South Delhi ah mawtaw tuahsiatna hangin liamna tuak a, Chirak Palika Zato ah kipuak hi. Tua panin Chirak Paika Zato siavuante makaihna mahin ambulance tawh Safarjung Zato ah a kipuak hangin dam zo loin April 9 ni mah nitak lam nai 3:00 kiim pawlin hong nusiatsan hi. Siapa pen biakna thu bek hi loin minam vai tawh kisai lai tam a gelh pawl, thu lim takin a kantel pente lak-a khat hi. - Thang Khan Lian #ZUNs]