KURD MINAMTE TANGTHU TOM KIK
Sept. 29, 2017: Iraqi Kurdistan pen a official min Kurdistan Region kici a, Iraq Constitution nuai-ah Kurdistan Regional government Government (KRG) nuai-ah ki-uk uh a, a khuapi uh Erbil ahi hi. Kurdistan pen parliamentary democracy hi a, amau regional parliament kineih tuam uh a, tutna (seats) 111 om hi. 2005 in KRG president dingin Masoud Barzani cing a, 2009 kiteelna ah cing kik hi. August 2013 in Kurdistan parliament in Barzani' presidency kum nih sottoh sak a, 19 August 2015 ah political parties ten thukim a neih theih loh manun a term kisotto a, tu dong president len suak hi.
Kurdistan Region pen Kurdish opposition leh Iraq kumpi kum sawtpi a kikaptuah khit nungun kilemna suaikai uh a, March 11, 1970 in Kurdish Region hong piangkhia hi. US ten Gulf War in Iraq a sim khit nungun 1991 in Iraq leilu lam ah no-fly zone hong bawl manun October 1991 in Iraq galkapte kihemkhia uh a, July 4, 1992 in hih kiim a political party lian -
Kurdistan Democratic Party leh Patriotic Union of Kurdistan ten semi-autonomous Kurdistan Regional Government ten regional government hong bawlkhia uh hi. US ten Iraq a nih veina dingin 2003 in sim kik uh a, political kilaihna nasia tak hong piang ahih manin 2005 in Iraq in constitution thak hong bawl a, tua khit nung suahtakna deih in kiphinna neihna hong nasia kik uh hi.
Kurdish mite teenna kim pen kum zalom 7 kim lai-in Arab Muslims ten la uh a, Muslim Arab Rashidun Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, tua khit Abbasid Caliphate ten uh uh hi. Tua khit in Iranian emirate, Turkic emirate leh Mongol emirate ten amau hatna teng uk khum uh hi. Ak Koyunlu hong kitapkhap (disintegrate) ciangin tu lian a Iraqi Kurdistan sung teng Iranian Safavids kici ten kum zalom 16 in la-in uk uh hi. Kum zalom 16-17 kikal in Iraqi Kurdistan pen principalities thum in - Baban, Badinan leh Soran in kikhen a, Safavids leh Ottomans kumpi a hatzaw penpen in la-in a uk kilaih den uh hi.
Kum zalom 17 kim a kipanin Ottomans ten Ottoman–Safavid War (1623–39) ah Treaty of Zuhab kici tawh la-in uk uh hi. Kum zalom 18 in Nader Shah' in la kik a, tawl khat sung Iranian Afsharids ukna nuai-ah om hi. 1747 in Nader Shah a sih ciangin Ottoman ten 1831 in la kik leuleu uh a, Galpi Khatna bei dong uk uh hi. Galpi khatna ah British ten Ottoman kumpi zo ahih manin Sykes-Picot Agreement ah British leh France ten West Asia sung hong kikhawm uh a, Kurd minamte teenna leitang saseh banga khenna hong piang hi. Treaty of Sèvres khit teh Treaty of Lausanne hangin tu lian a Western Asia leh Republic of Turkey hong piangkhia hi.
UN kiphuankhiat ma-a leitung bup kipawlna golpen The League of Nations in France in Syria leh Lebanon a thuneihkhumna ding leh UK in Palestine a thuneihkhumna dingin "mandate" kici pia hi. (Tua hunin Israel gam i cih piang nai dek lo hi). Tua hun in Palestine pen autonomous regions nih: Mandatory Palestine leh Transjordan hi a, hih mun panin Iraq hong piangkhia hi. Ottoman Empire hat lai leh uk lai a Arabian Peninsula kiim teng pen Saudi Arabia leh Yemen in kibawlkhia hi.
Iraq gam-a Kurd minamte teenna suahtakna ding pen Barzani minamte makaihna tawh Barzani Revolt (1960–1970) kikal zong nasia takin kiphinna nei uh a, 1959–1960 kikal Mustafa Barzani makaihna tawh Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) in legal status 1960 in hong ngah hi. Autonomy negotiations (1970–1974) hangin 1970 in Regional autonomy hong piangkhia a, tua tawh kituak in Kurdish Autonomous Region hong piangkhia sawm ahi hi.
1973 in US in Iran kumpi Shah tawh a sim in thukimna (secret agreement) nei uh a, USte CIA leh Israelte Mossad ten Kurdish rebels ten Iraq kumpi a dona dingun sum (funding) piaksim kipan uh a, Kurdish rebels ten Iraq do hong kipan uh hi. 1974 in Iraq kumpi Kurdish rebels-te thuk kik kipan a, Iran gamgi dong rebels-te hawl uh a, Iraq in Iran kiangah rebels-te huh na khawlsan uh leh na ngetna uh hong thukim ding hi ung ci hi. 1975 in Iraq leh Iraq in Second Kurdish Iraqi War Algiers Agreement ah thukimna nei uh hi.
Tua khit in Iraq kumpi Baath party ten Kurd minamte kum 15 ukkhum a, thukimna a palsat manun 1977 in Kurdish rebels (PUK) leh Iraq kumpi kido kik a, 1978 -1979, kikal in Kurd mite khua 600 kihalsak a, gamdang ah Kurd mite 200,000 kipuakhia hi. Saddam Hussien' command na nuai-ah Al-Anfal Campaign tawh Iraq a Kurd minamte lomthah in, US tung panin chemical galvan a ngahte zangin Kurd minamte tampi a thahna hangin Iran hong kigolh a, Iran-Iraq War hong piang hi. March 29, 1987 panin April 23, 1989 kikal bekin Iraq armyte Saddam Hussein leh Ali Hassan al-Majid command na nuai-ah Kurd minamte lomthahna "genocidal campaign" pan uh a, chemical weapons a zat ban uh-ah Kurd mite khua 2,000 suksiatsak uh a, khamtunga Kurd tengte 50,000 a thah ban uh a, Iraq army ten Kurd mite khuapi mi 70,000 teenna Qala Dizeh suksiatsak dimdim uh hi.
US in Iran langpang dingin vanzat in a neih Saddam Hussein' nak tawh a kaih zawh nawn loh ciangin hun khat lai-in Kurd minamte lomthah dinga a zatpa uh Saddam in Kuwait a sim paulam in 1991 in Iraq hong sim uh a, 2003 in sim kik uh hi. Saddam in Al-Anfal Campaign ah human rights palsat in Kurd minamte lomthahna leh US tung panin chemical weapons supply a ngahte a Kurd minamte (Shia Iraqi) Dujail khua-ah 1982 in mi 148 a lomthah manin Iraqi Special Tribunal in sih dan pia a, 06:00 local time (03:00 GMT) 30 December 2006 in kikhailum hi. Saddam sih khit nung Iraq kumpi a ginat loh leh a hat loh banah Shia leh Sunnin Muslim kilang neihna hunlem la-in Kurd ten suahtakna a nget uh hong kisan ahi uh hi.
Iraq gam-a Kurd minamte pen a official pau uh Kurdish (Sorani) Arabic hi a, a biakna uh Islam (Sunni and Shia), Christianity, Yazdânism, Zoroastrianism ahi hi. Tu lianin Kurdistan Region a Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) President Masoud Barzani hi a, Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani ahi hi. Iraq gam-a Kurd minamte teenna mun pen Southern Kurdistan kici zaw hi. Bang hang hiam cih leh Middle East a Kurd minam ten gam khat a kipumkhat ding Greater Kurdistan ngen uh hi. Greater Kurdistan dingin a ngetna uh mun li - southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northern Syria (Rojava or Western Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan) leh Southern Kurdistan (Iraqi Kurdistan) ahi hi. Kurd minamte hih bangin Middle East gam tuamtuam ah milip om uh hi : Turkey ah 12-15 million (gam milip 20%); Iran ah 6 million (gam milip 10% sanga tawmzaw deuh); Iraq ah 4.7-5.5 million (gam milip 15-20%); Syria ah 2 million (gam milip 15%) teeng uh hi. Kurd minamte kiphin in suahtakna a ngah theihna ding uh pen US leh nitumna gam pawlkhatte tawsawm hi a, tu lai takin bang Syria gam-a Kurdish rebels teng US leh nitumna gam ten galvan leh training a piak ban uh a, Kurdish, Assyrian leh Arab rebels-te leh rebels tuamtuam Syria kumpi lehdote kipawlkhawmna SDF zong US ten galvan leh training a piak uh ahi hi.
US leh a pawl ten a kigawm taktak ding uh a deih uh hilo in Middle East ah kigolh theihna dingin Kurdish rebels-te omna teng ah huhna pia kawikawi uh hi. Tu tung Iraq a Kurd ten zong referendum vote a khiat dek un suahtakna ngah le uh ISte maphu dingin a vanzat ding uh nei nawn lo ding uh ahih manin a khoh hangun kho zo nawn lo uh hi. Afghanistan ah Cold War hun lai 1980s in US ten Osama bin Laden' al-Quada ngongtate Soviet lehdo dingin vanzat in a zat bangin Kurdish rebels-te a zat uh hi bek hi. US leh nitumna gam, adiakin UK in kumpi lehdo dingin lungsim taktak tawh a huh Israelte bek hi a, Palestine panin suahtakna a ngahna ding uh huh uh a, tua lo pen buaina bawl ding bekin a zat uh ahi hi. Gamkeek lai (colonialism) hun lai-in British ten "divide and rule" policy a zat bangun tu hun in "Mother of Terrorism" US in terrorists-te pen minam leh gam khat kipumkhat kim lai khen in, ukkhumna dingin a zat ahi hi.
Reference: Wikipedia
@Thang Khan Lian #ZUNs
Maan: Gam lim nihna a a hing (green) tunga a a sandaang leh a sandup teng pen USte kigolh khit 1991 nunga Iraq kumpi leh Kurd mite leitang kituhna hi.
👴A nu hang hi. A kizepsak dan limlim pasalte duh theihtheih dingin amah kizep dan lianlian in kizemsak den keei hi ven. A nu' mawhna hi.
👵A pa mawhna hi. Numei paktat teng tawh kikhawl den hi ven. Inn kong dong a numei paktat kikholpih ten hong zui den keei uh hi ven. A pa pattah hi a, a pa' mawhna hi.
👧Pastor pa hang hi. Christmas hun ah drama hong sihpih a, nungak siangtho Mary (Virgin Mary) kei piah ding hong phal lo a, midang khat Mary piah sak hi ven 
😰
🖋️Thang Khan Lian
